We enrolled consecutive eligible patients with or without type 2 diabetes. Patients evaluated in the comprehensive Ophthalmology Clinic who met our inclusion criteria were directed to the Retina Clinic, where a complete ophthalmic examination was performed. All diabetic patients were receiving regular medical (insulin or oral hypoglycemic) treatment. Exclusion criteria included spherical equivalent outside the range of ±4 D, ocular diseases other than mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, clinical evidence of diabetic macular edema, previous macular laser treatment, moderate or dense lens opacity, previous intraocular surgery or ocular trauma, and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ≤20/40. If both eyes were eligible, one eye was randomly selected. Mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy was defined by the presence of microaneurysms only. After inclusion, the patients were divided into three groups. Group 1 comprised nondiabetic patients, group 2 diabetics without clinical evidence of retinopathy, and group 3 diabetics with mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Demographic data collected included age, sex, ethnicity, and systemic comorbidities, all self-reported by the patients.