Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), chloroauric acid (HAuCl4), sodium borohydride (NaBH4), silver nitrate (AgNO3), ascorbic acid, benzyldimethylammoniumchloride hydrate (BDAC), 11-mercaptodecanoic acid, polyacrylic acid (PAA, molecular weight ∼15,000), 3,3′,5,5′ tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), and MES buffer (pH = 6) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). SH-PEG-COOH bidirectional polymer was obtained from Nanocs (New York, NY). 1-Ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl] carbodiimide (EDC), N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (NHSS), and rabbit polyclonal antihuman Glut-1 antibody were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (Rockford, IL). Human Glut-1 protein was purchased from Alpha Diagnostics International Inc. (San Antonio, TX). Horseradish peroxidase labeled antirabbit secondary antibodies were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA). Alexa-488 antirabbit Immunoglobulin G (IgG) (Secondary Antibody) was purchased from Invitrogen Inc. (Carlsbad, CA). Human conjunctival tissue samples were selected from the specimen library of the Florida Lions Ocular Pathology Laboratory at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute as described below.