Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science Cover Image for Volume 54, Issue 8
August 2013
Volume 54, Issue 8
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Research Highlight  |   August 2013
Major Determinants of Acute Primary Angle Closure Demonstrated by Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science August 2013, Vol.54, 5287. doi:https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.13-12729
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      Mineo Ozaki; Major Determinants of Acute Primary Angle Closure Demonstrated by Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2013;54(8):5287. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.13-12729.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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From epidemiological analysis, bilateral blindness in glaucoma will increase to 5.9 million people with open angle glaucoma (OAG) and 5.3 million with angle closure glaucoma (ACG) in 2020. 1 The risk of bilateral blindness could be estimated as three times higher in ACG than in OAG. 2  
Among types of glaucoma, specifically in Asian countries, primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is a chief concern as the main cause of blindness. Although “chronic” PACG is a major problem in clinical practice because it worsens insidiously, acute primary angle closure (APAC) will lead to more profound risk of blindness in spite of glaucoma treatment. 3  
To know which eye has a high risk for APAC is mandatory to be able to select appropriate candidates from the enormous number of angle closures to have preventive treatment, such as laser peripheral iridotomy. This question is still not clearly answered despite numerous studies of angle closure. Guzman et al. 4 performed anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) to compare the differences of the newly introduced parameters among primary angle closure suspects (PACS), primary angle closure (PAC), PACG, and APAC. They concluded that APAC showed the narrowest angle, the smallest anterior segment dimensions, the thickest iris, and the largest lens vault (LV) in comparison with PACS, PAC, and PACG. 
Logistic regression analysis showed that greater LV (P < 0.001), narrower trabecular-iris space area (TISA750) (P < 0.001), and thicker iris thickness (IT750) (P = 0.007) were the major determinants, and significantly superior to anterior chamber depth of APAC. 
This article could contribute to determining which eye has a higher risk of APAC by objective and reproducible parameters of ASOCT, and to prevent blindness from APAC, which has a profound risk of bilateral blindness among primary glaucoma. 
References
Quigley HA Broman A. The number of persons with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020. Br J Ophthalmol . 2006; 90: 151–156. [CrossRef]
Friedman DS Foster PJ Aung T Angle closure and angle-closure glaucoma: what we are doing now and what we will be doing in the future. Clin Exp Ophthalmol . 2012; 40: 381–387. [CrossRef]
Quek D Koh V Aung T Blindness and long-term progression of visual field defects in Chinese patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol . 2011; 152: 463–469. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Guzman CP Gong T Nongpiur ME Anterior segment optical coherence tomography parameters in subtypes of primary angle closure. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci . 2013; 54: 5281–5286. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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