The primary antibody sources, the host in which the antibody was produced, and dilution used for immunohistochemistry are shown in
Supplementary Table S1. Metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR6) antibody (gift from Shigetada Nakanishi, Kyoto University, Japan) provides punctate staining at the dendritic tips of rod bipolar cells and ON-type cone bipolar cells in the outer plexiform layer (OPL).
19 C-terminal binding protein 2 (CtBP2) antibody produced a distinct horseshoe-shaped staining in the synaptic ribbons along OPL and dense punctate in the inner plexiform layer (IPL), which is identical to findings in previous reports.
33,34 Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 1 (TRPM1) antibody (gift from T. Furukawa) provides staining at the dendritic tips in the OPL and rod bipolar cell somas.
35 Pikachurin antibody showed a punctate staining pattern in the OPL.
36 Antibodies against vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT1) and synaptophysin stain exclusively the IPL and OPL of the murine retina.
37–40 Protein kinase C-α (PKCα) antibody labels rod bipolar cells and a subset of amacrine cells.
19,41 Secretagogin (SCGN) antibody (gift from Ludwig Wagner, University of Vienna, Austria) labels cone bipolar cells.
42 Calbindin mouse monoclonal antibody recognizes a single band of 28 kDa in Western blot of brain homogenate (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). In the mouse retina, it stains horizontal cells and a subset of amacrine cells.
12,41 Neurofilament 200 (NF-200) antibodies recognize the 200-kDa heavy chain neurofilament polypeptide in a Western blot (Sigma-Aldrich). In the murine retina, neurofilament labels axonal complexes of horizontal cells.
12,41 Calretinin was raised against recombinant rat calretinin. Western blot studies conducted by the manufacturer (Chemicon International, Temecula, CA, USA) indicate that it is specific for calretinin and recognizes both calcium-bound and -unbound conformations of this protein. In retina, calretinin staining was confined to the starburst amacrine cells, tyrosine hydroxylase 2 amacrine cells, and ganglion cells.
41 Glutamine synthetase (GS) specificity was confirmed with a Western blot using a rat cerebellum lysate where it reacted with a 45-kDa band that corresponds to the expected size of the GS protein, amino acids 1 to 373 (BD Transduction Laboratories, San Diego, CA, USA). In retina, GS antibody specifically stains the entire Müller cell.
41,43 Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP antibody specificity was observed in Western blots of mouse retina.
19 In retina, GFAP antibody stains retinal astrocytes and Müller cells.
19,43