Abstract
Purpose:
The objective of this study was to describe the prenatal associated factors and the clinical and neuroradiologic spectrum in patients with ONH and SOD.
Methods:
A retrospective chart review of patients with ONH for prenatal data, ophthalmologic evaluation, neurologic, radiologic and endocrine abnormalities was performed. The following prenatal factors were studied: maternal age, diseases, drugs, smoking, and alcohol consumption; parity and prematurity.
Results:
We reviewed 47 patients (55% female). The mean age at diagnosis was 34 months Primiparity was found in 65.9%, young maternal age in 8.5%, prematurity in 6.5%, sedatives in 4.2%, diabetes mellitus in 4.2%, and recreational drugs in 2.1%. We found low vision or legal blindness in 95.7%, nystagmus in 66%, strabismus in 34%, relative afferent pupillary defect in 25.5%, tortuosity of the retinal vasculature in 17% and the presence of a double-ring sign was recorded in 14.9%. We observed mental retardation in 17% and seizures in 4.2%. Of the 22 patients imaged, 10 had absence of septum pellucidum, 8 had corpus callosum hypoplasy and 3 pituitary abnormalities. Two cases had growth hormone and antidiuretic hormone deficiency. Septo-optic dysplasia was diagnosed in 25.5%.
Conclusions:
Patients with ONH usually have low vision and nystagmus; they may also have neurological abnormalities. All patients must have cerebral magnetic resonance in order to diagnose septo-optic dysplasia. Management is multidisciplinary including early rehabilitation.
Keywords: 613 neuro-ophthalmology: optic nerve •
459 clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: biostatistics/epidemiology methodology