June 2013
Volume 54, Issue 15
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   June 2013
Efficacy of an Intravitreal Levofloxacin Implant in an Animal Model of Endophthalmitis
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Russell Tait
    PolyActiva Pty Ltd, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
    Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  • Richard Prankerd
    Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  • Roy Robins-browne
    Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  • Penelope Allen
    Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
    Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  • Andrew Donohue
    PolyActiva Pty Ltd, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
    Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  • Dong Yang
    Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
    Eye Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
  • Louise Adams
    Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  • Feng Wang
    Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  • Asha D'Souza
    PolyActiva Pty Ltd, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  • Sarah Ng
    PolyActiva Pty Ltd, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships Russell Tait, PolyActiva Pty Ltd (I); Richard Prankerd, None; Roy Robins-browne, Polyactiva Pty Ltd. (F), Polyactiva Pty Ltd. (C); Penelope Allen, Bionic Vision Australia (P); Andrew Donohue, PolyActiva (E); Dong Yang, None; Louise Adams, None; Feng Wang, PolyActiva (F), PolyActiva (P); Asha D'Souza, PolyActiva Pty Ltd (E); Sarah Ng, PolyActiva Pty Ltd (E)
  • Footnotes
    Support None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science June 2013, Vol.54, 1727. doi:
  • Views
  • Share
  • Tools
    • Alerts
      ×
      This feature is available to authenticated users only.
      Sign In or Create an Account ×
    • Get Citation

      Russell Tait, Richard Prankerd, Roy Robins-browne, Penelope Allen, Andrew Donohue, Dong Yang, Louise Adams, Feng Wang, Asha D'Souza, Sarah Ng; Efficacy of an Intravitreal Levofloxacin Implant in an Animal Model of Endophthalmitis. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2013;54(15):1727.

      Download citation file:


      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

      ×
  • Supplements
Abstract

Purpose: Bacterial endophthalmitis is a devastating ocular infection with poor visual outcome. Intravitreal injection of a bolus dose of antibiotic(s) is the preferred method of treatment. Unfortunately, a single intravitreal injection is often insufficient to treat the infection. Use of an intravitreal implant that releases an antibiotic at the appropriate dose for a sustained period may obviate the need for retreatment. We used a rabbit model of endophthalmitis to compare the efficacy of standard treatment (bolus vancomycin/ceftazidime) with a levofloxacin(LVX)-releasing implant.

Methods: Experiments were performed according to the method described by Ferrer et al. Br J Ophthalmol 2008;92:678-682. The study evaluated treatment with a LVX implant (nominally releases LVX at 100 μg per 24 h) compared with standard treatment of a bolus injection of 1% (w/v) vancomycin + 2.2% (w/v) ceftazidime, and an untreated control group. The vitreous of one eye of a New Zealand White rabbit was inoculated with S. aureus ATCC strain 29213. Treatment was administered 1 day after innoculation. On days 1, 3, 7, 10 and 14, samples of vitreous were collected for determination of the number of colony-forming units (CFUs) of S. aureus per ml and the level of LVX. The Peyman classification was used to assess the severity of endophthalmitis.

Results: The LVX implant exhibits zero-order release of LVX over at least 30 days, regardless of geometry. LVX concentrations in vitreous matched steady-state levels predicted from pharmacokinetic calculations based on the in vitro release rate, and were well above the MIC for S. aureus for at least a 10-day period. Infection was established in all inoculated eyes. By day 3, CFUs in the vitreous of all treated eyes had fallen to below detection limits. In contrast, CFUs in the vitreous from untreated eyes increased dramatically such that by day 3 symptoms had worsened and rabbit euthanasia was required. For the implant group, mild inflammation was observed on day 3, and by day 7, symptoms of endophthalmitis had subsided. Peyman scores for the implant group were similar to or better than rabbits in the standard treatment group.

Conclusions: In a rabbit model of endophthalmitis the LVX implant was at least as effective as the current standard therapy of vancomycin/ceftazidime for treating infections of the vitreous cavity caused by S. aureus.

Keywords: 513 endophthalmitis • 433 bacterial disease • 422 antibiotics/antifungals/antiparasitics  
×
×

This PDF is available to Subscribers Only

Sign in or purchase a subscription to access this content. ×

You must be signed into an individual account to use this feature.

×