Abstract
Purpose:
To investigate the morphologic alterations around the optic disc and the macular changes by SD OCT in eyes with high myopia.
Methods:
One hundred and ninety six eyes (200 patients) with high myopia (>-6.00 diopters and axial length≥ 26.5mm) were included. The participants had ophthalmologic examinations including stereoscopic fundus observations, OCT examinations. For OCT, multiple horizontal and vertical and cercle scans were obtained around the optic disc and the fovea in each patient.
Results:
The mean age of patients was 43.2+/-9.4 years, with a spherical-equivalent refractive error of -11.26 +/- 4.85 D and mean axial length of 27.65+/-1.82 mm. We detected by OCT, normal macula in 68 eyes (34.6%), macular atrophy in 28 eyes (14.2%), macular retinoschisis in 16 eyes (8.1%), choroidal neovascular membrane in 19 eyes (9.7%), macular hole in 5 eyes (2.5%), lamellar macular hole in 4 eyes (2%), foveal detachment in 4 eyes (2%) and dome shaped macula in 19 eyes (8.1%). Tractional internal limiting membrane detachment was present in 5 eyes (2.5%), posterior hyaloids detachment in 46 eyes (23.4%) and epimacular membrane in 12 eyes (6.1%). A peripapillary detachment was detected in 8 eyes (4%), microfolds in the retinal vessels were detected at the conus edge in 40 eyes (20.4%), and 10 of these eyes had paravascular cysts (5.1%). A peripapillary retinoschisis was present at the site of the retinal vessels in 10 eyes (5.1%).
Conclusions:
Individuals with high myopia are subject to various retinal pathologies including posterior pole and peripapillary lesions. OCT is an accurate tool which can localize such anatomical changes. It seems to be the paraclinical test of choice for highly myopic eyes.
Keywords: 605 myopia •
552 imaging methods (CT, FA, ICG, MRI, OCT, RTA, SLO, ultrasound)