Abstract
Purpose:
This study was carried out to determine the ocular pharmacokinetics, efficacy and potential endothelial toxicity of moxifloxacin (MF) after a single intracameral bolus injection of 500µg/0.1ml in a rabbit model.
Methods:
Forty-eight eyes of 24 New Zealand White Rabbits were separated into 6 groups, each including 4 rabbits. 0.1 ml of 0.5% intracameral moxifloxacin (500µg) injection was performed to the right eyes and 0.1 ml of balanced salt solution to the left eyes (control). Aqueous humor (AH) and vitreous samples were collected at the 0.5th, 1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th and 24th hours from boths eyes of group 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively. MF concentrations were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. These were compared with the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and mutant prevention concentrations (MPC) for frequent endophthalmitis pathogens. Electron and light microscopical evaluation of the corneas were performed.
Results:
Moxifloxacin reaches higher concentrations than the MIC of all common endophthalmitis pathogens in the aqueous humor and exceeds the mutant prevention concentration levels for Streptococcus pneumonia, Streptococcus viridans, flouroquinolone susceptible Coagulase-negative staphylococcus and flouroquinolone susceptible Staphylococcus aureus for 6 hours. The half-life of moxifloxacin in the AH was 2.2 hours. Electron and light microscopic evaluation revealed no noticeable sign of toxicity.
Conclusions:
Peroperative intracameral moxifloxacin injection for endophthalmitis prophylaxis is a safe and effective method in uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery.
Keywords: 422 antibiotics/antifungals/antiparasitics •
427 aqueous •
513 endophthalmitis