Ocular Surface Disease prevalence in Glaucoma patients in a High Referral Ophthalmology Center in Mexico City

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the ocular surface disease (OSD) prevalence in glaucoma patients and risk factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed. Consecutive recruitment of patients was made in the Glaucoma department from october to november 2012. Patients older than 18 years old, using antiglaucomatous topical medication were included. They underwent ophthalmological examination which comprised: Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, tear film break up time (TFBUT), ocular surface staining with fluorescein, Schirmer I test with anesthesia, and the presence of Meibomian gland dysfunction. Additionaly, the following risk factors were evaluated: age, sex, number and type of antiglaucomatous topical medications, time of usage, ocular surgery history.

Results: 123 patients were recruited, 87 patients (71.55%) were females. The mean age was 67.85 +/- 13.26 years (range, 21-90). The OSD prevalence was 51.21% by OSDI (15.44% mild, 12.1% moderate and 23.5% severe). 104 patients (84.55%) had abnormal TFBUT (<5 seconds) and 22 patients (17.88%) had an abnormal Schirmer test (<5 mm). The present study was not able to establish risk factors associated with OSD.

Conclusions: Half of the patients that used topical antiglaucomatous medications experienced some degree of ocular surface disease, either by signs or symptoms. Prevalence of OSD in this study is similar to previous observational studies.

Keywords: 486 cornea: tears/tear film/dry eye • 463 clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: prevalence/incidence • 479 cornea: clinical science