Purpose
To describe the characteristics of choroidal metastasis using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT).
Methods
A retrospective observational study.
Results
Of 31eyes with choroidal metastasis imaged with EDI-OCT, 14 (45%) displayed image detail suitable for study. The metastasis originated from breast carcinoma (n=7, 50 %), lung carcinoma (n=5, 36%), pancreatic carcinoma (n=1, 7%), and thyroid carcinoma (n=1, 7%). The mean tumor basal diameter was 6.4 mm and thickness 2.3 mm by B-scan ultrasonography. The tumor was located in the macula in 6 (43 %) and was extramacular in 8 (57%) cases. By EDI-OCT, the mean tumor thickness was 987 μm. The tumor features included irregular (“lumpy bumpy”) anterior contour (n=9, 64%), posterior shadowing (n=12, 86%), and anterior compression of the overlying choriocapillaris (n=13, 93%), with retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) abnormalities (n=11, 78%). Outer retinal features included structural loss of photoreceptors (n=9, 64%), inner segment-outer segment (IS-OS) junction (n=8, 57%), external limiting membrane (n=4, 29%), outer nuclear layer (n=1, 7%), and outer plexiform layer (n=1, 7%). Inner retinal layers from the inner nuclear layer and inwards was normal. Subretinal fluid (n=11, 79%), subretinal lipofuscin (n=1, 7%), and intraretinal edema (n=2, 14%) were identified.
Conclusions
EDI-OCT features of choroidal metastasis include irregular (lumpy bumpy) anterior tumor surface, and disruption of RPE and outer retinal layers with preservation of the inner retinal layers.
Keywords: 552 imaging methods (CT, FA, ICG, MRI, OCT, RTA, SLO, ultrasound) •
452 choroid •
744 tumors