June 2013
Volume 54, Issue 15
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   June 2013
Neutralization of Ocular Surface TNF-α Reduces Ocular Surface and Lacrimal Gland Inflammation Induced by In Vivo Dry Eye
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Yongwoo Ji
    Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • Yu Jeong Byun
    Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • Jin Sun Kim
    Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • Eunae Jeong
    Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • Hyung Keun Lee
    Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships Yongwoo Ji, None; Yu Jeong Byun, None; Jin Sun Kim, None; Eunae Jeong, None; Hyung Keun Lee, None
  • Footnotes
    Support None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science June 2013, Vol.54, 910. doi:
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      Yongwoo Ji, Yu Jeong Byun, Jin Sun Kim, Eunae Jeong, Hyung Keun Lee; Neutralization of Ocular Surface TNF-α Reduces Ocular Surface and Lacrimal Gland Inflammation Induced by In Vivo Dry Eye. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2013;54(15):910.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract
 
Purpose
 

The purposes of this study are to investigate the effectiveness of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α blocker for treatment of dry eye (DE)-induced inflammation and determine a more effective method to suppress lacrimal gland inflammation. Efficacy of topical vs. systemic administration of TNF-α blockers was determined using a murine DE model.

 
Methods
 

The TNF-α blocker HL036 was developed by modification of the TNF receptor I. Protein purity, binding affinity, and clearance of TNF-α was compared with etanercept. Using DE induced C57BL/6 mice, corneal erosion, tear secretion, and goblet cell counts were measured after subcutaneous or topical treatment with etanercept or HL036. Inflammatory cytokines in cornea and lacrimal glands were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immune absorbent assay.

 
Results
 

HL036 showed TNF-α binding affinity comparable to etanercept, as measured by surface plasmon resonance. HL036 concentration was significantly higher in cornea and anterior segment than etanercept, and effectively eliminated TNF-α on ocular surfaces. Etanercept was preferentially concentrated in the posterior segment. Corneal erosion, goblet cell counts, and tear secretion were improved only with topically applied etanercept and HL036. Ocular surface interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-21, and IL-22 were significantly decreased by topical HL036. DE induced lacrimal gland IFN-γ and IL-6 expression was effectively suppressed by topical etanercept, glucocorticoid, and HL036.

 
Conclusions
 

Topical TNF-α blockers effectively suppressed lacrimal gland and corneal inflammation by suppressing IFN-γ, IL-21, and IL-6. Differences in TNF-α affinity, clearance, and local concentration of blockers may account for the anti-inflammatory effects in different ocular regions.

   
Keywords: 486 cornea: tears/tear film/dry eye • 576 lacrimal gland • 557 inflammation  
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