Effects of xanthophyll supplementation on RPE cell density profiles of xanthophyll-free low n–3 monkeys. (
A) Mean RPE density profiles of xanthophyll-free (
n = 4) and control monkeys. In this and subsequent figures, the mean profile of the control monkeys is based on the 12 animals with a mean age similar to the mean ages of the experimental groups
(Table 1) . (
B) Individual foveal RPE density profiles of xanthophyll-free low n–3 monkeys, plotted with an expanded spatial scale. (
C) Mean RPE density profile of xanthophyll-free, low n–3 animals supplemented with zeaxanthin (
n = 4) compared with unsupplemented low n–3 animals (
n = 4). (
D) Individual foveal RPE density profiles of low n–3 monkeys supplemented with zeaxanthin, plotted with an expanded spatial scale. (
E) Mean RPE density profiles of xanthophyll-free, low n–3 monkeys fed supplemental lutein (
n = 3) compared with unsupplemented low n–3 animals (
n = 4). (
F) Individual foveal RPE density profiles of low n–3 monkeys supplemented with lutein. (
G) Mean RPE density profile of the xanthophyll-free low n–3 animals supplemented with either lutein or zeaxanthin (
n = 7), compared with the unsupplemented group (
n = 4). (
H) Profile of RPE density of unsupplemented xanthophyll-free, low n–3 monkeys showing the points used to calculate parameters A, D, and S for assessing changes in the density profile. The numerical values at the particular loci are labeled as: F in the foveal center; S1 as the superior locus (0.35 mm) closest to the foveal center; and S2, S3, and S4 at 0.69, 1.22, and 1.93 mm eccentricity. In the inferior region, the symmetrical corresponding values are labeled as I1, I2, I3, and I4.