October 1997
Volume 38, Issue 11
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Articles  |   October 1997
Blood-borne signals that induce anterior chamber-associated immune deviation after intracameral injection of antigen.
Author Affiliations
  • J W Streilein
    Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
  • S Okamoto
    Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
  • Y Hara
    Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
  • M Kosiewicz
    Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
  • B Ksander
    Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science October 1997, Vol.38, 2245-2254. doi:
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      J W Streilein, S Okamoto, Y Hara, M Kosiewicz, B Ksander; Blood-borne signals that induce anterior chamber-associated immune deviation after intracameral injection of antigen.. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 1997;38(11):2245-2254.

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Abstract

PURPOSE: Anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID) is elicited by an antigen-specific signal that escapes the antigen-containing eye and travels through the blood to the spleen. Two types of ACAID-inducing signals have been described: those associated with blood-borne monocytes, and a soluble factor found in serum. The authors sought to understand the basis for the existence of two distinct types of ACAID-inducing signals. METHODS: Different kinds of antigens (soluble, cell associated, particulate) were injected into the anterior chamber (AC) of normal, presensitized, and immunodeficient mice. In addition, peritoneal exudate cells were pulsed in vitro with different kinds of antigen in the presence of transforming growth factor beta and then evaluated for the ability to induce ACAID in naive (nonsensitized) as well as T- and B-cell-deficient recipients. RESULTS: Among antigens injected into the AC, inert particulate antigens could not induce ACAID, but soluble and cell-associated (minor histocompatibility) antigens generated cell-associated ACAID-inducing signals. In contrast, antigens injected into the AC of presensitized mice generated ACAID-inducing signals that were soluble and located in the plasma fraction of blood. All ACAID-inducing signals created in vitro with soluble, particulate, or cell-associated antigens induced ACAID in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: Cell-associated ACAID-inducing signals are generated in naive mice regardless of the kind of antigen, and these signals arise from mobile intraocular antigen-presenting cells. However, when antigen is injected into the AC of presensitized mice, a soluble signal emerges, perhaps derived from T cells that enter the antigen-containing eye. Together, these signals dictate that subsequent exposures to ocular antigen will not evoke immunogenic inflammation.

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