A cell viability reagent (Alamar blue) was purchased from Biosource (Camarillo, CA). Triton X-100, Hanks’ balanced salt solution, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, cesium chloride, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB), 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (sinapinic acid), l-thyroxine sodium salt (T4), sodium hydroxide solution, and all the solvents (methanol, chloroform, d-chloroform) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) and used without further purification. Minimum essential medium (MEM), trypsin-EDTA (EDTA), fetal bovine serum (FBS), l-glutamine, gentamicin, and phosphate-buffered saline (7.4; PBS) were obtained from Invitrogen-Gibco (Grand Island, NY). 4-Nitroaniline, or para-nitroaniline (PNA), was obtained from Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc. (Milwaukee, WI). A cell-viability analyzer (Vi-CELL reagent Pak) was purchased from Beckman Coulter (Hialeah, FL). A lipid peroxidation assay kit was obtained from Calbiochem (San Diego, CA).