The laser used was an Nd:YAG (Surelite II10; Continuum, Santa Clara, CA). This laser emits pulses of duration 5 to 7 ns at a wavelength of 1064 nm, with a pulse repetition rate of 10 Hz. To convert the fundamental (1064 nm) to the fourth harmonic (266 nm), we used two nonlinear β-barium borate (BBO) crystals (Fujian Castech Crystals, Fuzhou, China). The 266 nm beam was isolated with a dispersing prism and launched into a 600 μm core diameter silica–silica optical fiber (Innovaquartz, Phoenix, AZ). Several fibers were used, but all had custom-tapered tips with diameters of approximately 110 μm. The 266 nm beam was monitored at two points in the transmission pathway with calibrated joulemeters (Gentec ED200 and ED100AUV; Gentec Electro-Optics, Inc., Québec, Canada). The joulemeters were connected to separate channels of a digital oscilloscope (VP5730A; National Instruments, Austin, TX). The ED100AUV was used to measure the energy output directly, at the taper tip, both before and after the generation of a set of lesions on a tissue segment. This energy measurement, combined with the diameter of the tapered tip enabled the calculation of the fluence at the taper tip. The ED200 was also used to measure the energy of the 266 nm beam, before and after the generation of each individual lesion. This joulemeter was placed in the line of the 266 nm beam after the dispersing prism, but before the launch optics. Retinal lesions were generated using fluences of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 J/cm2, combined with a varying number of pulses per lesion (1, 3, 5, 10, 50, and 100). A total of 146 retinal lesions were created.