Increased Concentrations of Periostin in the Vitreous of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Patients with Tractional Retinal Detachment

Abstract

Purpose: To examine the relationships between the vitreous concentrations of periostin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and monocyte chemoattractive protein (MCP) -1 and the clinical manifestations in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods: Vitreous fluid was obtained from 137 eyes of 123 individuals (macular hole (MH) 41 eyes of 39 patients, PDR 96 eyes of 84 patients) undergoing vitrectomy at Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital from 2007 to 2011. The clinical manifestations of PDR included tractional retinal detachment (TRD, 40 eyes) and iris neovascularization (INV, 11 eyes). Twenty-five eyes without photocoagulation (PC) at the vitrectomy were also included. Undiluted vitreous samples were collected at the time of surgery, and immediately stored at -80°C. The concentrations were determined by ELISA.

Results: Periostin, VEGF and MCP-1 significantly increased in the vitreous with PDR (15.0, 0.63, 1.11 ng/ml, respectively) compared to those with MH (0.23, 0.002, 0.38 ng/ml, respectively) (p< 0.01). Moreover, periostin significantly increased in the vitreous of PDR patients with TRD (24.6 ± 42.7ng/ml) compared to those without TRD (8.11 ± 24.7 ng/ml) (p< 0.01). VEGF significantly increased in the vitreous of PDR patients with INV (1.46 ± 1.80 ng/ml) compared to those without INV (0.519 ± 0.626 ng/ml) (p< 0.01). PC didn’t affect the concentrations of these proteins.

Conclusions: Periostin, VEGF and MCP-1 may contribute to the progression of diabetic retinopathy. VEGF may be associated with INV and periostin may play a role in inducing TRD.

Keywords: 499 diabetic retinopathy • 697 retinal detachment • 490 cytokines/chemokines