Abstract
Purpose:
To evaluate OCT findings in patients under Chloroquine or Hydroxichloroquine treatment
Methods:
We performed macular OCT (Optovue RtVue Fourier-Domain Ocular Coherence Tomography) in 75 patients under treatment with Chloroquine or Hydroxichloroquine. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination with color vision Ishihara test, macular visual field and fluoresceína angiography. Variables measured were age, gender, systemic diagnosis, antimalarial drugs intake time and total cumulative dose.
Results:
A total of 75 patients (150 eyes) were studied; 70 females and 5 males, with an average age of 48 years-old (range: 19-76), the most common disease diagnosis was rheumathoid arthritis followed by systemic lupus erythematosus, with an average of 15.86 years since disease diagnosis. Antimalaric intake time was 8 years with a cumultive dose of 602gr. Fundus examination findings were normal except for patients with severe toxicity. Most of the patients showed a ring pattern of parafoveal thinning with an average central macular thickness of 239. Fluorescein angiography an 10-2 automated visual field were normal in the majority of patients.
Conclusions:
OCT may be an useful tool for chloroquine or hydroxichloroquine retinal toxicity screening with a characteristic ring pattern of macular thinning. These findings are present in most of the cases before other clinical or ancillary test alterations.
Keywords: 620 ocular irritancy/toxicity testing •
462 clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: outcomes/complications •
550 imaging/image analysis: clinical