April 2014
Volume 55, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2014
Longitudinal Adaptive Optics Imaging of Active and Resolved Central Serous Retinopathy
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Jonathan Paul Martin
    Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
  • Benjamin Kim
    Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
  • Rohan Joshi
    Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
  • Grace Han
    Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
  • Alfredo Dubra
    Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
    Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
  • Jessica Ijams Wolfing Morgan
    Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships Jonathan Martin, Canon, Inc. (F); Benjamin Kim, None; Rohan Joshi, Canon, Inc. (F); Grace Han, Canon, Inc. (F); Alfredo Dubra, Canon, Inc. (C), US patent 8226236 (P); Jessica Morgan, Canon, Inc. (C), Canon, Inc. (F), Canon, Inc. (R), Optos, PLC (F), US patent 8226236 (P)
  • Footnotes
    Support None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2014, Vol.55, 1655. doi:
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      Jonathan Paul Martin, Benjamin Kim, Rohan Joshi, Grace Han, Alfredo Dubra, Jessica Ijams Wolfing Morgan; Longitudinal Adaptive Optics Imaging of Active and Resolved Central Serous Retinopathy. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2014;55(13):1655.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose: Central Serous Retinopathy (CSR) is a type of exudative retinal detachment that usually resolves spontaneously. This study examined CSR patients over time using multiple high-resolution imaging modalities to understand cone mosaic remodeling during and after subretinal fluid (SRF) resolution.

Methods: 6 active and 2 resolved CSR patients were imaged at baseline, and 3 active CSR patients were followed longitudinally at 6 weeks, 3 months and then every 3 months (ranging from 3-12 months) using adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO), spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), and microperimetry (MP). At each visit, images were captured in areas overlying and adjacent to SRF. The cone mosaic was imaged using an AOSLO from Canon, Inc (Tokyo, Japan) and a custom AOSLO. Serial images were aligned using TrakEM2 (Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zurich) and Adobe Photoshop.

Results: Areas where cones were separated from the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) showed remodeling of the photoreceptor mosaic that continued months after SRF resolution. MP sensitivity was reduced 6-16dB (mean 10.2dB, SD 3.8dB) in areas of SRF but improved after SRF resolution and often was normal despite visible cone loss on AOSLO. The ellipsoid band (EB) on OCT was disrupted in areas overlying SRF and returned following SRF resolution. There was a trend toward improvement of visual acuity associated with SRF resolution and return of the EB on OCT. Hyperreflective clusters were visualized in the outer retina adjacent to SRF of two patients (mean diameter 19.1µm, SD 6.4µm). These varied in location over time and their disappearance was temporally associated with SRF resolution.

Conclusions: Local disruption of the cone mosaic was observed following SRF resolution. The cone mosaic geometry varied over time in affected areas of diseased eyes, potentially showing remodeling of the cone mosaic as it reattaches to the RPE. The hyperreflective clusters may represent phagocytic cells engulfing cone outer segments while patients have SRF. The movement of clusters suggests motile cells and their size is similar to that of activated macrophages. The return of MP sensitivity to normal levels despite patchy areas of cone loss on AOSLO may be due to the relatively large stimulus area (~0.5 degrees). Future studies will continue to examine photoreceptor structure and function in retinal diseases with SRF.

Keywords: 550 imaging/image analysis: clinical • 552 imaging methods (CT, FA, ICG, MRI, OCT, RTA, SLO, ultrasound) • 648 photoreceptors  
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