April 2014
Volume 55, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2014
Lacrimal cytokines assessment in subjects exposed to different levels of ambient air pollution in a large metropolitan area
Monique Matsuda; Rodolfo Bonatti; Monica Marquezini; Maria L Garcia; Ubiratan P Santos; Alfesio L Braga; Paloma Gava Krempel; Paulo H Saldiva; Milton Ruiz-Alves; Mario L R Monteiro
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Monique Matsuda
    Laboratory of Ophthalmology, University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  • Rodolfo Bonatti
    Laboratory of Ophthalmology, University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  • Monica Marquezini
    Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  • Maria L Garcia
    Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  • Ubiratan P Santos
    Pulmonary Division of Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  • Alfesio L Braga
    Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
    Environmental Exposure and Risk Assessment Group, Collective Health Post-graduation Program, Catholic University of Santos, Santos, Brazil
  • Paloma Gava Krempel
    Laboratory of Ophthalmology, University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  • Paulo H Saldiva
    Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  • Milton Ruiz-Alves
    Laboratory of Ophthalmology, University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  • Mario L R Monteiro
    Laboratory of Ophthalmology, University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships Monique Matsuda, None; Rodolfo Bonatti, None; Monica Marquezini, None; Maria Garcia, None; Ubiratan Santos, None; Alfesio Braga, None; Paloma Krempel, None; Paulo Saldiva, None; Milton Ruiz-Alves, None; Mario Monteiro, None
  • Footnotes
    Support None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2014, Vol.55, 1877. doi:
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      Monique Matsuda, Rodolfo Bonatti, Monica Marquezini, Maria L Garcia, Ubiratan P Santos, Alfesio L Braga, Paloma Gava Krempel, Paulo H Saldiva, Milton Ruiz-Alves, Mario L R Monteiro; Lacrimal cytokines assessment in subjects exposed to different levels of ambient air pollution in a large metropolitan area. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2014;55(13):1877.

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Abstract

Purpose: Recent experimental data have provided associations between ambient PM2.5 (fine particulate matter ≤2.5μm) and propensity to inflammation, particularly those of the respiratory tract. Similar to respiratory mucosa, the ocular surface is directly exposed to ambient air pollution since only a very thin lacrimal film separates the corneal and conjunctival epithelia from the air pollutants.

Methods: To investigate the effect of ambient air pollution on ocular defense, lacrimal film cytokine levels were evaluated twice (each 15 days) in traffic professionals (taxi drivers and traffic controllers, high pollutants exposure, group 1) and workers of a Forest Institute (low pollutants exposure, group 2) from Sao Paulo city. Personal ambient exposure of PM2.5 was 24 hour-recorded by an individual monitor and the tears were collected to measure interleukins (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) levels by multiplex immunoassay.

Results: Traffic professionals presented higher PM2.5 exposure than forest workers (evaluation 1: 41.2±12.1 and 26.9±10 μg/m3 and evaluation 2: 37.5±14.5 and 29.1±16.4 μg/m3, respectively; p<0.001). There were no differences in the average of cytokines between the two groups. However, PM2.5 exposure decreased the IL-5 level in 1.65 pg/mL (p=0.01) and the IL-10 level in 0.78 pg/mL (p=0.003) for each increment of 50 μg/m3 of PM2.5 in the traffic professionals tears as when analyzed by generalized estimating equation.

Conclusions: In conclusion, data on the current study suggest that exposure to high levels of PM2.5 reduces IL-5 and IL-10 levels suggesting either a modulatory action of air pollutants on the immune response or an adaptative response of the ocular surface to ambient air pollution. This study was supported by CNPq 555223/2006-0 and FAPESP 2008/57717-6.

Keywords: 490 cytokines/chemokines • 555 immunomodulation/immunoregulation • 486 cornea: tears/tear film/dry eye  
© 2014, The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc., all rights reserved. Permission to republish any abstract or part of an abstract in any form must be obtained in writing from the ARVO Office prior to publication.
Copyright © 2024 Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.
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