April 2014
Volume 55, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2014
Determinants of Rankings of Small Display Quality in Normally Sighted Persons and Persons with Low Vision Due to Diabetic Retinopathy.
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • J. Vernon Odom
    Ophthalmology, West Virginia Univ Eye Inst, Morgantown, WV
    Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
  • William Reuschel
    American Foundation for the Blind, Huntington, WV
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships J. Vernon Odom, None; William Reuschel, None
  • Footnotes
    Support None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2014, Vol.55, 4152. doi:
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      J. Vernon Odom, William Reuschel; Determinants of Rankings of Small Display Quality in Normally Sighted Persons and Persons with Low Vision Due to Diabetic Retinopathy.. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2014;55(13):4152.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract
 
Purpose
 

To assist development of a simplified metric for small visual displays of use to low vision patients, we evaluated consumers’ rankings of display quality of glucometers under two lighting conditions.

 
Methods
 

Two groups, 10 normally sighted and 10 low vision patients with diabetic retinopathy ranked the displays of 8 glucometers from best=1 to worst=8 under two light levels, in room light (480 lux) and in sunlight (15,000 lux). The normalized font size (NFS) and contrast (NC) of the 8 devices were assessed under the two lighting conditions. A preliminary metric, DeviceRating (D-R), was calculated using NFS and NC. Subjects’ age, visual acuity (VA; ETDRS) and contrast sensitivity (CS; MARS) were determined. The normally sighted group was aged 68.6 ± 5.97 years with corrected VA of 0.15 ± 0.14 logMAR and log CS of 1.7 ± 0.1. The visually impaired group was aged 59.8 ± 11.74 years with corrected VA of 1.04 ± 0.41 logMAR and log CS of 0.95 ± 0.28. Subjects ranked the visual displays of 8 glucometers. Subjects rankings were evaluated using Spearman Rank Order Correlations (rho), logistic regressions, and a three factor ANOVA (Group, Lighting, and Device) were used to interpret the rankings.

 
Results
 

The ANOVA failed to indicate a significant main effect of Group or Lighting as did rho and logistic regression (p>0.50). However, there was a significant main effect of Device (p<0.00005) and significant interaction terms for DevicexLighting (p<0.00005) and DevicexGroup (p=0.001658). Similarly logistic regressions indicated significant effects of Device (p<0.001), D-R (p<0.04) and NC (p<0.05). The only significant correlations with Ranking were D-R and NC (p<0.05).

 
Conclusions
 

Subjects rank the displays of glucometers, small panel devices frequently used by low vision patients, differently. Relative rankings are not affected by patient characteristics such as age, VA, or CS. Differences in Device rankings varied by Lighting and by Group, presumably because NC was reduced in higher Lighting and reduced contrast affected the low vision diabetic patients more than the normally sighted.

 
 
DevicexLighting Interaction. The display quality of glucometers is not ranked the same in 480 lux or 15,000 lux illumination.
 
DevicexLighting Interaction. The display quality of glucometers is not ranked the same in 480 lux or 15,000 lux illumination.
 
 
Device x Group Interaction. The display quality of glucometers is not ranked the same by persons who are normally sighted and those with Low Vision.
 
Device x Group Interaction. The display quality of glucometers is not ranked the same by persons who are normally sighted and those with Low Vision.
 
Keywords: 584 low vision • 669 quality of life • 499 diabetic retinopathy  
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