Abstract
Purpose:
To determine the epidemiology of infectious keratitis, risk factors, sensitivity and antibiotic resistance in an Ophthalmology referral center in Mexico City as well as report the clinical features and the ultimate consequences of this condition.
Methods:
This is a retrospective, observational, and descriptive study. Records of patients with infectious keratitis diagnosis and positive cultures were included. Cultures, antibiogram and clinical characteristics (age, sex, diameter and localization of the ulcer, risk factors, visual acuity, surgery) were analyzed.
Results:
A total of 104 eyes were included. The mean patients age was 49.03 years (SD ±21.14 range 1-92), and 57.6% (60) of were females. The most common risk factor found was Diabetes Mellitus followed by soft contact lens wear. Corneal scarring was the most common complication. Fifty nine eyes (57.84%) with keratitis were caused by gram positive cocci, Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common Gram positive with the 30.1% (31) of the cases, followed by Staphylococcus aureus with the 18.4% (19). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common Gram-negative organism, with 4.9% (5). Antibiotic sensitivity and resistance of the most common microorganisms is reported, including fourth generation fluoroquinolones.
Conclusions:
The use of quinolones and netilmicin for treatment of infectious keratitis is recommended as they have shown a high level of sensitivity to germs more commonly involved. The rate of resistance was observed in these antibiotics was very low. Therefore we can report that sensitivity and resistance coincides with that reported in the literature. Risk factors and the ultimate consequences of this condition was similar to that reported in other studies.
Keywords: 573 keratitis •
463 clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: prevalence/incidence •
422 antibiotics/antifungals/antiparasitics