Purpose
In patients born prematurely, characteristic retinal and vitreous pathological conditions place these patients at increased risk for retinal complications throughout their lives. In this study, we describe the vitreorretinal interface disorders in patients with retinopathy of prematurty (ROP).
Methods
A descriptive and retrospective study of 43 patients with retinopathy of prematurity were examined with a handheld spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD- OCT), during the period from January 2012 to November 2013. The changes were analyzed by two different observers.
Results
The records of 43 patients were obtained with a diagnosis of ROP, male: 67%, female: 33%, with gestational age in the range of 26 to 34 weeks (mean 30.1 ±2.5) and birth weight of range 700 to 1580 grams (mean 1145 grams ±208.7). It was possible to perform the analysis of 74 eyes with ROP diagnosis through images with SD-OCT, in which were observed in 46% thickening of the internal limiting membrane, 15% presented detached hyaloid, 12% thickened hyaloid, 3% with evidence of tractional retinoschisis and 3% demarcation line vitreoretinal changes with a hypereflectic tissue that grows from middle and outer retinal layers that folds on the surface. Apparent cystic spaces located between the tissue and the internal limiting membrane that corresponds to the demarcation line at the equator. All patients were classified according to: zone 1 (14 %); zone 2 (61%); zone 3 (22%); aggressive posterior ROP (4%); stage I (28%); stage 2 (55%); stage III (12%) and stage IV (3%).
Conclusions
Optical coherence tomography is useful to identify specific changes at the vitreoretinal interface in patients with ROP. More studies must to be performed for define these changes accurately and correlate with clinical finding though time thus providing new classifications of the pathology.
Keywords: 706 retinopathy of prematurity •
496 detection •
698 retinal development