The mean age (±SD) of our subjects was 9.0 ± 3.0 years, ranging from 5.7 to 13.9 years.
Table 2 shows the clinical profiles of the children with myopic anisometropic amblyopia. The average logMAR VA at enrollment was 1.0 ± 0.3 (Snellen: 20/200), ranging from 0.6 to 1.3 (Snellen: 20/80–20/400). The mean spherical equivalent refractive error in the amblyopic eyes was −10.65 ± 3.28 diopters (D; range, −5.00 to −15.75 D), while the mean spherical equivalent in the fellow eyes was −1.28 ± 2.60 D. The mean magnitude of anisometropia (spherical equivalent) was −9.37 ± 3.57 D (range, −3.63 to −14.88 D). Mean axial length was 26.6 ± 1.5 mm in the amblyopic eyes and 23.2 ± 1.3 mm in the fellow eyes. The average logMAR VA improvement in the amblyopic eyes was 0.3 ± 0.1 with amblyopia treatment (
P < 0.0001).
6 The mean spherical equivalent refractive error in the amblyopic eyes was −10.88 ± 3.15 D after amblyopia treatment with no significant difference (
P = 0.052) compared with that before amblyopia treatment, while the mean spherical equivalent in the fellow eyes after treatment was −1.39 ± 2.40 D (
P = 0.069), comparable with that before treatment.
Table 3 shows mean macular thickness measurements of amblyopic and fellow eyes before and after amblyopia treatment. Before amblyopia treatment, central macula (both minimum and average foveal thickness) was statistically significantly thicker in amblyopic eyes than in fellow eyes (
t[16] = 2.456,
P = 0.027 and
t[16] = 2.254,
P = 0.040, respectively). Inner and outer maculae were statistically significantly thinner in amblyopic eyes than in fellow eyes (all
P values < 0.01) before amblyopia treatment (
Table 3). Our macular thickness findings before amblyopia treatment were consistent with our previous report.
10 Factorial repeated-measures ANOVA showed the interaction between eye and amblyopia treatment was statistically significant for average foveal thickness (
F[1, 16] = 5.047,
P = 0.040). There was no treatment effect on fellow eyes (
t[16] = −1.209,
P = 0.245), but the average foveal thickness in the amblyopic eyes showed a statistically significant reduction after amblyopia treatment (
t[16] = 2.139,
P = 0.049) even though some subjects showed an increase in central macular thickness after treatment (
Table 2). No statistically significant interaction between eye and amblyopia treatment was found in the other macular thickness parameters (all
P values > 0.05).