AJDRUMSS: Diabetic Retinopathy - PDR and NPDR Prevalence amongst Known Diabetics and Knewly Detected Diabetics in the Urban Slums of Mumbai.

Abstract

Purpose: To describe the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) by severity and duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in urban slums of western India

Methods: AJDRUMSS is an ongoing population-based, cross-sectional study in slums of Mumbai, a city of western India. Eligible subjects 40 years of age and older were studied. Data was obtained through door to door screening and a comprehensive ophthalmic examination was performed for all study participants. All participants diagnosed with T2DM underwent stereoscopic fundus photography in 7 standard Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study fields. Photographs<br /> were graded in a masked manner by a single ophthalmologist using a modified Airlie House Classification System to assess presence and severity of DR. Prevalence of any DR, non-proliferative DR (NPDR), proliferative DR (PDR) were calculated overall, by duration of diabetes. Differences across groups were evaluated using chi-square tests

Results: A total of 6520 participants were interviewed during the door to door survey, of whom 721 (11.06 %) were identified with T2DM. Amongst total diabetic subjects in the general population in our study i.e 721, the total number of KD were 598 while NDD were 123, the participation rate of 87.33% (608 T2DM subjects) was observed in our study . The mean age of responders was 56.3 ± 9.4 years. Prevalence among diabetic participants was 16.78% for any DR, 6.4% for severe NPDR and 1.6% for PDR. Increasing duration of diabetes was associated with increasing prevalence of any DR (P-trend <0.027).

Conclusions: As with data from several ethnic/racial groups, the prevalence of DR in urban slums of western India increased significantly with longer duration of diabetes.