Abstract
Purpose:
Malonyldialdehyde (MDA), a secondary product of lipid peroxidation is widely used as an indicator of lipid peroxidation. Lipids and lipid-soluble compounds are essential constituents of the cells and tissues that comprise the eye. Simultaneously, lipids are also crucial targets of the attack by reactive oxygen species such as oxygen free radicals. The role of lipid peroxidation, a process under which oxidants such as free radicals attack lipids containing carbon-carbon double bond(s), especially polyunsaturated fatty acids, has been described in several ocular pathologies in the past decades. The aim of this work is to establish, if any, the relationship between myopia and oxidative damage in subretinal fluid of myopic patients with retinal detachment.
Methods:
Protein content and MDA was evaluated in subretinal fluid of 71 myopic and no myopic patients with retinal detachment. Samples were collected in three different groups attending to myopia degree of the subjects: group 1, non-myopic, group 2, low myopia (patients with less than 6 dioptries) and group 3, high myopia (patients with more than 6 dioptries).
Results:
Similar data were obtained for groups 1 and 2 (group 1: 0,20 ± 0,09 µM MDA and 9,24 ± 4,54 mg protein/ml; group 2: 0,22 ± 0,06 µM MDA and 9,26 ± 4,29 mg protein/ml). However high myopia patients displayed statistically significant higher values (p<0,001) of both components: MDA (0,39 ± 0,10 µM) and proteins (17,47 ± 4,55 mg/ml). One of the most remarkable result was the high positive correlation obtained (r=0,87) when representing individual data pairs of MDA and myopia degree of myopic patients.
Conclusions:
These results ratify the direct contribution of oxidative stress in retinal detachment. They also suggest that myopia may play a role (qualitative and quantitative), that deteriorate the natural course of ocular diseases that involve oxidative stress.