June 2015
Volume 56, Issue 7
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   June 2015
Standard and wide field angiographic features of serous and exudative congenital X-linked retinoschisis and pathophysiologic correlations.
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Prethy Rao
    Ophthalmology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI
  • Joshua Robinson
    Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
  • Yoshihiro Yonekawa
    Associated Retinal Consultants, Royal Oak, MI
  • Benjamin J Thomas
    Associated Retinal Consultants, Royal Oak, MI
  • Kim A Drenser
    Associated Retinal Consultants, Royal Oak, MI
  • Michael Thomas Trese
    Associated Retinal Consultants, Royal Oak, MI
  • Antonio Capone Jr
    Associated Retinal Consultants, Royal Oak, MI
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships Prethy Rao, None; Joshua Robinson, None; Yoshihiro Yonekawa, None; Benjamin Thomas, None; Kim Drenser, None; Michael Trese, None; Antonio Capone Jr, None
  • Footnotes
    Support None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science June 2015, Vol.56, 3832. doi:
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      Prethy Rao, Joshua Robinson, Yoshihiro Yonekawa, Benjamin J Thomas, Kim A Drenser, Michael Thomas Trese, Antonio Capone Jr; Standard and wide field angiographic features of serous and exudative congenital X-linked retinoschisis and pathophysiologic correlations. . Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2015;56(7 ):3832.

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Abstract
 
Purpose
 

To describe the standard and wide field angiographic features of patients with congenital X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) and propose a pathophysiologic mechanism for these findings.

 
Methods
 

This is a retrospective case series of 18 patients (36 eyes) with congenital X linked retinoschisis from 2008-2014. Color fundus photographs, optical coherence tomography, and standard and wide field angiographic images were separately reviewed. Patients were classified into either exudative or serous retinoschisis based on the presence or absence of lipid. Clinical features were then categorized.

 
Results
 

Eleven eyes exhibited exudative retinoschisis (30%). Twelve eyes (33%) had peripheral retinoschisis. The most common location of exudation was the macula (n=9/11). Subretinal hemorrhage was present in 4 eyes (11%). Macular findings included an atypical foveal avascular zone in 7 eyes (19%) and submacular fibrosis or retinal folds in 6 eyes (16.7%). Peripheral characteristics included retinal fibrosis or folds in 4 eyes (11%), bridging vessels in 3 eyes (8%), and frosted branch-like angiitis in 3 eyes (8%). Thirteen of 22 eyes (59%) demonstrated leakage on fluorescein angiography (FA), nine of which were serous XLRS.

 
Conclusions
 

The wide spectrum of exudative and serous angiographic features of congenital XLRS suggests that schisis cavity formation may be associated with increased vascular permeability. The presence of exudation with concurrent leakage on FA indicates that exudation may not solely be secondary to intra-schisis hemorrhage, as has been classically described.

 
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