June 2015
Volume 56, Issue 7
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   June 2015
Investigation of retinal function in chronic systemic hypoxia secondary to cardiac disease in human
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Sermed Al-Hamdani
    Department of Ophthalmology, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
  • Oliver Niels Klefter
    Department of Ophthalmology, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
    University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • Henrik Sven Arvidsson
    Department of Ophthalmology, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
  • Annette Schophuus Jensen
    Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • Sindri Traustason
    Department of Ophthalmology, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
  • Lars Søndergaard
    Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • Inger Christine Munch
    Department of Ophthalmology, Roskilde Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
  • Michael Larsen
    Department of Ophthalmology, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
    University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships Sermed Al-Hamdani, None; Oliver Niels Klefter, None; Henrik Sven Arvidsson, None; Annette Schophuus Jensen, None; Sindri Traustason, None; Lars Søndergaard, None; Inger Munch, None; Michael Larsen, None
  • Footnotes
    Support None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science June 2015, Vol.56, 4411. doi:
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      Sermed Al-Hamdani, Oliver Niels Klefter, Henrik Sven Arvidsson, Annette Schophuus Jensen, Sindri Traustason, Lars Søndergaard, Inger Christine Munch, Michael Larsen; Investigation of retinal function in chronic systemic hypoxia secondary to cardiac disease in human. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2015;56(7 ):4411.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract
 
Purpose
 

To study retinal electroretinographic function in chronic systemic hypoxia in patients with cyanotic cardiac disease.

 
Methods
 

The study included 12 patients with cyanotic cardiac disease and 7 healthy subjects, all with normal visual acuity, who underwent clinical examination, fundus photography, infrared photographic retinal vessel oximetry, full-field electroretinography (ffERG) and dark adaptometry.

 
Results
 

In contrast to healthy subjects, who have subnormal full-field electroretinography amplitudes during acute hypoxia, patients with chronic systemic hypoxia (mean oxygen saturation 88 %) had ffERG amplitudes and latencies comparable to those of normoxic healthy subjects (oxygen saturation 95-100%). Thus, the scotopic A-wave amplitude was 251 ± 50.5 µV in patients and 245 ± 68 µV in healthy subjects (p = 0.80). The fractional arteriovenous oxygen extraction was 37 ± 6% and 34 ± 5%, respectively (p= 0.29). There was no significant correlation between A- or B-wave amplitudes or latencies under scotopic or photopic conditions and oxygen saturation (p> 0.05), except that the amplitude of the scotopic A-wave increased with oxygen saturation (R = 0.61, p = 0.035). No microvascular retinopathy signs such as retinal hemorrhages were observed.

 
Conclusions
 

Chronic systemic hypoxia appears to be counter-regulated by physiological adaptation that may hypothetically involve elevated hematocrit, elevated oxygen extraction and increased reliance on glycolysis etc. The elucidation of the mechanisms of adaptation may promote the understanding of conditions such as altitude retinopathy and diabetic retinopathy.

 
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