Purpose
To assess indications for surgery, visual outcomes and complications in patients treated for conditions related to cataract surgery.
Methods
A retrospective, non-comparative, interventional case series at a single medical center from 2011 to 2014. 110 patients (113 eyes 7%) were selected from a total of 1593 vitrectomies. Demographics from the patients, indication and type of surgery, complications and preoperative and postoperative visual acuity were recorded.
Results
Mean patient age was 71 ± 14 years. Mean follow-up time was 12 ± 9 months. The preoperative and postoperative mean logarithm of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity (VA) was 1.37 ± 0.94 (Snellen equivalent 0.17) and 0.93 ± 0.84 (Snellen equivalent 0.28), respectively for the whole group. Surgical indications: Intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation was the most frequent indication (n=57), Dropped lens fragments (n=42), Others (n=14). Functional results for groups: IOL dislocation: Preoperative logMAR VA: 1.36 ± 0.86. Postoperative logMAR VA: 1.08 ± 0.87. Dropped lens fragment: Preoperative logMAR VA: 1.60 ± 1.03. Postoperative logMAR VA : 0.83 ± 0.86. Type of surgery: Vitrectomy with primary IOL implantation (n=37), Secondary IOL implantation (n=17), Aphakia (n=45). Type of IOL: Iris-fixated (n=32), sulcus posterior chamber (n=18), anterior chamber (n=4). Intraoperative complications: Retinal detachment (n=3), Choroidal detachment (n=3), Retinal tear (n=3). Postoperative complications: Cystoid macular edema (n=6), Bullous keratopathy (n=6) and Retinal detachment (n=4), Phthisis bulbi (n=2).
Conclusions
Vitrectomy is an effective and safe method to improve visual acuity in these patients. Intraocular lens dislocation was the most frequent indication to surgery. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were uncommon but can impair visual function.