June 2015
Volume 56, Issue 7
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   June 2015
Assessment of red blood cell deformability by Optical tweezers in diabetic retinopathy
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Rupesh Agrawal
    Department of Ophthalmology, National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
    Medical Retina, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
  • Rhythm Bhatnagar
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  • Thomas Smart
    Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  • Christopher Richards
    Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  • Carlos E Pavesio
    Medical Retina, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
  • David T Shima
    Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
  • Philip Jones
    Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships Rupesh Agrawal, None; Rhythm Bhatnagar, None; Thomas Smart, None; Christopher Richards, None; Carlos Pavesio, None; David Shima, None; Philip Jones, None
  • Footnotes
    Support None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science June 2015, Vol.56, 5183. doi:
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      Rupesh Agrawal, Rhythm Bhatnagar, Thomas Smart, Christopher Richards, Carlos E Pavesio, David T Shima, Philip Jones; Assessment of red blood cell deformability by Optical tweezers in diabetic retinopathy. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2015;56(7 ):5183.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract
 
Purpose
 

Haemorheological disturbances observed in diabetics have been postulated to play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy. The present study was conducted to investigate the role of red blood cell (RBC) deformability and factors affecting RBC deformability in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) using modified optical tweezers method.

 
Methods
 

A pilot project was conducted as per declaration of tenets of Helsinki with ethics board approval (14/WM/1038). Bloods from age matched control and patients was collected for standard biochemical and hematological tests and for RBC deformability index (DI) assessment using Optical tweezers. A dual optical tweezers (two trapping beams) was made by splitting and recombining a single laser beam. RBCs were trapped directly (i.e. without microbead handles) in the dual optical tweezers where they adopt a "side-on" image.

 
Results
 

Blood from 8 healthy controls with mean age of 52.37yrs and 4 diabetic patients with mean age of 52.00yrs was analysed. Unstretched RBC length for control group was 6.847μm (±0.29, 95CI: 6.83-6.86) and 7.001 μm (±0.27, 95CI: 6.97-7.02) for diabetic RBCs (p<0.0001). Maximal stretched length for RBCs using two laser beams of optical tweezers was 7.362μm (±0.24, 95CI: 7.35-7.37) for control group and 7.401μm (± 0.262, 95CI: 7.37-7.42) for diabetic group (p=0.0021). DI was calculated by subtracting unstretched length of RBCs from maximal stretched length of RBCs. The DI for control group was 0.57 (±0.22, 95CI: 0.55-0.59) and that for diabetic RBCs was 0.39 (±0.26, 95CI: 0.37-0.42) (p<0.0001). With DI as dependent variable, we did bivariate analysis for age (yrs), hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume, red blood cell distribution width, platelet concentration, mean platelet volume, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum creatinine, total proteins, C-reactive protein, random blood glucose, HbA1C, total cholesterol and fibrinogen. None of the factors were found to be significantly correlated with DI on bivariate analysis.

 
Conclusions
 

DI of RBC from DR was significantly lower in comparison with normal healthy controls. None of the biochemical and hematological factors in the blood were found to affect DI for RBCs.  

 
Sine waves (Elongation) of the red blood cell using Optical trap - 10 cycles per cell
 
Sine waves (Elongation) of the red blood cell using Optical trap - 10 cycles per cell
 
 
The deformability distribution between control group and study ( diabetic) group<br /> per cell
 
The deformability distribution between control group and study ( diabetic) group<br /> per cell

 
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