Purpose
To report demographic, etiologic, and clinical features of patients with uveitis seen at a tertiary care center in central Virginia.
Methods
Retrospective review of uveitis cases seen at the University of Virginia from 1984-2014. Descriptive statistics, and, where applicable, Fisher’s exact test and exact logistic regression analysis were used to report demographics, anatomical/etiological classification of uveitis, clinical features, and management.
Results
491 patients (644 eyes) were included. Mean age was 47 years (±21) at presentation. 278 (56.6%) patients were female, 153 (31.2%) patients had bilateral disease. 60.5% were Caucasian, 28.3% were African American. Mean duration of follow-up was 5 years (±6.7). The most frequent anatomic type was undifferentiated anterior uveitis (n=126, 25.7%), followed by undifferentiated panuveitis (n=21, 4.3%). The most common etiology was post-traumatic (n=60, 12.2%) followed by post-procedural (n=49, 10.0%) and herpetic anterior uveitis (n=39, 7.9%). Herpetic disease was more common among Caucasians (n=32, 10.8%) than African Americans (n=2, 1.5%) (gender-adjusted odds ratio (OR): 7.69, 95% CI [2.12, 50.00]), and sarcoidosis was more common among African Americans (n=23, 17.2%) than Caucasians (n=9, 3.0%) (gender-adjusted OR: 6.54, 95% CI [2.98, 15.29]). Herpetic anterior uveitis was more common among females (n=30, 10.8%) than males (n=9, 4.2%) (race-adjusted OR: 3.03, 95% CI [1.32, 7.71]). Mean logMAR acuity was 0.54 and 0.52 at initial and final visits, respectively (P=0.002). 388 (79%) and 133 (27.3%) patients received local and systemic steroids, respectively. 52 (10.6%) patients received an antimetabolite.116 (23.7%) patients were managed with topical glaucoma medication. 43 (8.8%), 129 (26.4%), and 46 (9.4%) patients underwent glaucoma surgery, cataract surgery, and vitrectomy, respectively.
Conclusions
Undifferentiated anterior, traumatic, post-procedural, herpetic disease, HLA-B27 disease, and sarcoidosis were most common causes of uveitis. Sarcoidosis was more commonly seen in African American males, herpetic anterior uveitis was more frequently seen in Caucasian females. Mean visual acuity improved significantly for the cohort from initial to final visit with majority receiving local or systemic corticosteroids.