Abstract
Purpose:
To determine the rate of complications in pedriatic patients with uveitis at a reference center.
Methods:
Retrospective review of medical records of children with uveitis diagnosed before the age of 18 years, from 2007 to 2014 in the Department of Uveitis and Ocular Immunology at Institute of Ophthalmology Conde de Valenciana. Age, etiological diagnosis and development of ocular complications were evaluated.
Results:
From a total of 357 patients, 276 patients were included in the analysis. We excluded patients that had only one visit and loss of follow-up.<br /> Main types of uveitis were: pars planitis in 175 patients (63.4%), toxoplasmosis in 45 patients (16.3%), herpes keratouveitis in 16 patients (5.8%), toxocariasis in 12 patients (4.3%) and idiopathic non-granulomatous anterior uveitis in 10 patients (3.6%). One hundred sixty-five patients (59.8%) developed one or more of the following complications: cataract in 78 patients (19.8%), band keratophaty in 40 patients (10.15%), epiretinal membrane in 26 patients (6.6%), glaucoma in 19 patients (4.8%) and macular edema in 17 patients (4.3%).<br /> Complications in the group of pars planitis (175) were: cataract in 45 patients (25.7%), band keratophaty in 22 patients (12.57%) and epiretinal membrane in 16 patients (9.14%). The most common complication of toxoplasmosis (45) was choroidal neovascular membrane in 2 patients (4.4%).<br /> In the herpes keratouveitis group (16) 5 patients (31.25%) had corneal scarring. From the 12 patients with toxocariasis, 2 (16.6%) developed glaucoma and 1 (8.3%) retinal detachment.<br />
Conclusions:
We found that more than 50% of pediatric patients with uveitis developed ocular complications in the course of their disease, one of the main reasons is because we received patients time long after they were treated with several previous inadequate medications, and because of the chronicity of uveitis in pediatric population.