June 2015
Volume 56, Issue 7
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   June 2015
Effects of in vivo Isolated Low-level Primary Blast Overpressure in Dutch Belted Rabbit: Corneal and Retinal Tomographic Responses
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Kirstin Jones
    Biomedical Engineering, UTSA, Fair Oaks Ranch, TX
  • Jae Hyek-Choi
    U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX
  • William Eric Sponsel
    Biomedical Engineering, UTSA, Fair Oaks Ranch, TX
    Rosenberg School of Optometry, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX
  • Walter Gray
    Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
  • Sylvia Linner Groth
    Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
  • Randolph D Glickman
    University of Texas Health Science Center Department of Ophthalmology, San Antonio, TX
  • Matthew Aaron Reilly
    Biomedical Engineering, UTSA, Fair Oaks Ranch, TX
  • Brian Lund
    U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships Kirstin Jones, None; Jae Hyek-Choi, None; William Sponsel, None; Walter Gray, None; Sylvia Groth, None; Randolph Glickman, None; Matthew Reilly, None; Brian Lund, None
  • Footnotes
    Support None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science June 2015, Vol.56, 6025. doi:
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      Kirstin Jones, Jae Hyek-Choi, William Eric Sponsel, Walter Gray, Sylvia Linner Groth, Randolph D Glickman, Matthew Aaron Reilly, Brian Lund; Effects of in vivo Isolated Low-level Primary Blast Overpressure in Dutch Belted Rabbit: Corneal and Retinal Tomographic Responses. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2015;56(7 ):6025.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose: To determine whether clinically significant ocular trauma can be induced by a survivable low-level isolated primary blast using a live animal model.

Methods: Both eyes of eighteen blast-exposed and five control Dutch Belted rabbits were exposed to various overpressure levels in a large-scale shock tube, and submitted to pre- and post-blast assessments of corneal confocal (immediate and 48-hours post) and retinal ocular coherence (immediate only) tomography. Linear regressions were applied to assess any differences in tissue thickness between eyes exposed to primary blast and control eyes.

Results: Mean thicknesses of the cornea and retina among blast-exposed eyes were significantly greater than those of control eyes, providing new in vivo evidence of tissue damage due to primary blast exposure. We observed an overall increase in retinal thickness with increasing peak pressure with a p-value of 0.00017. Also, an increase in corneal thickness was observed with increasing peak pressure immediately post-blast (p=0.0011) and sustained after 48 hours (p=0.0014).<br /> <br /> <!--EndFragment-->

Conclusions: Survivable primary blast overpressure can produce significant ocular damage in vivo. Clinically and statistically significant changes in corneal thickness arose immediately and were sustained for at least 48 hours, suggesting possible disruption of endothelial function. Inner retinal thickness changes also arose immediately. This finding was consistent with prior experiments using ex vivo porcine eyes (Sherwood et al., IOVS 55:1124-1132, 2014) and computational modeling of blast injuries which support the contrecoup mechanism of injury with the potential to produce long-term peripapillary injuries. <br />

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