March 2012
Volume 53, Issue 14
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   March 2012
Longitudinal change in corneal astigmatism in Tohono O’odham Infants and toddlers
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Erin M. Harvey
    Ophthalmology and Vision Science,
    College of Public Health,
    University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
  • Joseph M. Miller
    Ophthalmology and Vision Science,
    College of Public Health,
    University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
  • Jim Schwiegerling
    College of Optical Sciences,
    University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
  • Duane Sherrill
    College of Public Health,
    University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
  • Dawn H. Messer
    Ophthalmology and Vision Science,
    University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
  • J. D. Twelker
    Ophthalmology and Vision Science,
    College of Public Health,
    University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  Erin M. Harvey, None; Joseph M. Miller, None; Jim Schwiegerling, None; Duane Sherrill, None; Dawn H. Messer, None; J. D. Twelker, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  NIH/NEI 13153, Research to Prevent Blindness
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science March 2012, Vol.53, 154. doi:
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    • Get Citation

      Erin M. Harvey, Joseph M. Miller, Jim Schwiegerling, Duane Sherrill, Dawn H. Messer, J. D. Twelker; Longitudinal change in corneal astigmatism in Tohono O’odham Infants and toddlers. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2012;53(14):154.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract
 
Purpose:
 

To determine if developmental patterns of change in corneal astigmatism differ in astigmatic and non-astigmatic infants who are members of a Native American Tribe with a high prevalence of corneal astigmatism.

 
Methods:
 

Subjects were Tohono O’odham children participating in a longitudinal study of refractive error development. The present analysis included the 52 children who were recruited into the study prior to age 1 year, and for whom we had data at all three of the youngest ages (6 months to < 1 year, 1 to < 2 years, 2 to < 3 years). Measurements of corneal astigmatism were obtained with the IK4 video keratoscope. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to compare change in corneal astigmatism (clinical notation, J0, and J45) over time between children classified as astigmatic (≥2D corneal astigmatism) and non-astigmatic (<2D corneal astigmatism) at their baseline (< age 1 year) assessment.

 
Results:
 

Corneal astigmatism (clinical notation) analyses yielded a significant main effect of age (p < 0.05) and a significant interaction between age and amount of baseline corneal astigmatism (p < 0.004). Astigmatism decreased after infancy in the high astigmatism group (p=0.021) and then remained relatively stable with a modest decrease from age 2 to 3 years (NS). Astigmatism was stable from infancy to 1 year in the low-astigmatism group (NS), with an increase from age 2 to age 3 years (p=0.026). Analyses of J0 yielded a similar pattern of results. Analysis of J45 yielded no significant effects.

 
Conclusions:
 

A previously observed reduction in prevalence of corneal astigmatism in Tohono O’odham 1 year olds, observed in cross-sectional data, was due to difference in developmental patterns for astigmatic and non-astigmatic infants. From infancy to age 2 years, astigmatic infants showed a a significant decrease in astigmatism (average 0.9D), as reported in other populations of infants. Non-astigmatic infants tended to a small increase in astigmatism through age 2 years (0.2 D).  

 
Keywords: visual development • astigmatism • clinical research methodology 
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