April 2011
Volume 52, Issue 14
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2011
Inflammatory Response after Intravitreal Gold Nanorod Injection
Michelle G. Sandrian; Kyle C. McKenna; Richard A. Bilonick; Yun Ling; Joel S. Schuman; Hiroshi Ishikawa; Larry Kagemann; Gadi Wollstein
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Michelle G. Sandrian
    UPMC Eye Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Ophthalmology and Visual Science Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
    Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
  • Kyle C. McKenna
    UPMC Eye Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Ophthalmology and Visual Science Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
  • Richard A. Bilonick
    UPMC Eye Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Ophthalmology and Visual Science Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
  • Yun Ling
    UPMC Eye Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Ophthalmology and Visual Science Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
  • Joel S. Schuman
    UPMC Eye Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Ophthalmology and Visual Science Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
    Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
  • Hiroshi Ishikawa
    UPMC Eye Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Ophthalmology and Visual Science Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
    Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
  • Larry Kagemann
    UPMC Eye Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Ophthalmology and Visual Science Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
    Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
  • Gadi Wollstein
    UPMC Eye Center, Eye and Ear Institute, Ophthalmology and Visual Science Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  Michelle G. Sandrian, None; Kyle C. McKenna, None; Richard A. Bilonick, None; Yun Ling, None; Joel S. Schuman, Bioptigen (P), Carl Zeiss Meditec (P); Hiroshi Ishikawa, Bioptigen (P); Larry Kagemann, None; Gadi Wollstein, Bioptigen (P), Optovue (F)
  • Footnotes
    Support  NIH R21-EY019092, R01-EY013178, P30-EY008098; Eye and Ear Foundation (Pittsburgh, PA); Research to Prevent Blindness
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2011, Vol.52, 432. doi:
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      Michelle G. Sandrian, Kyle C. McKenna, Richard A. Bilonick, Yun Ling, Joel S. Schuman, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Larry Kagemann, Gadi Wollstein; Inflammatory Response after Intravitreal Gold Nanorod Injection. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2011;52(14):432.

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Abstract

Purpose: : Antibody-conjugated gold nanorods (Ab-GNRs) have potential to be used as targeted optical coherence tomography imaging contrast agents due to their tunable optical resonance properties. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Ab-GNRs elicit an inflammatory response after intravitreal injection.

Methods: : Both eyes of adult male C57Bl/6 mice received 2µl intravitreal injections of either phosphate buffered saline (PBS), GNR or Ab-GNR (α-Thy1.2). PBS, GNR and Ab-GNR solutions were sterile. 24 hours later mice were sacrificed. A subset of eyes was processed for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to look for inflammatory cells; the remaining eyes were collagenase-digested for flow cytometric analysis to determine the absolute numbers of CD45+ leukocytes, and CD45+ subsets (Thy1.2+ T-cells, CD11b+ myeloid cells, CD11b+/GR-1+/F4-80- neutrophils and CD11b+/ F4-80+/GR-1- macrophages). Generalized estimation equations were fitted to model cell counts to compare differences in inflammatory cell numbers between groups.

Results: : TEM images showed GNRs clustered within vitreous strands, with inflammatory cells in close proximity or surrounding and phagocytosing the nanoparticles. There were no statistically significant differences between untreated eyes and PBS injected eyes for any inflammatory cell count, except for F4-80-/GR-1+ neutrophils. However, in comparison to untreated eyes, eyes injected with Ab-GNR were much more inflamed, with statistically significant increases in Thy 1.2+ T cells (2.5-fold), CD11b+ myeloid cells (6.8-fold), CD11b+/F4-80+/GR-1- macrophages (6.4-fold) and CD11b+/F4/80-/Gr-1+ neutrophils (5.0-fold). The groups receiving GNR or Ab-GNR injections were not statistically significantly different from each other for any cell type, but were statistically significantly different from the PBS-injected group for all counts, with the exception of Thy1.2+ T-cells (no significant difference between GNR and PBS injection).

Conclusions: : Sterile GNR and Ab-GNR induce a profound inflammatory response within 24 hours after intravitreal injection, which may limit their use as an optical contrast agent in the eye.

Keywords: inflammation • flow cytometry • microscopy: electron microscopy 
© 2011, The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc., all rights reserved. Permission to republish any abstract or part of an abstract in any form must be obtained in writing from the ARVO Office prior to publication.
Copyright © 2025 Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.
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