April 2011
Volume 52, Issue 14
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2011
Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Retinopathy Signs In Persons Without Diabetes: The Singapore Indian Eye Study
Mayuri Bhargava; Carol Y. Cheung; Ecosse L. Lamoureux; Huang Lei; Yingfeng Zheng; Lavanya Raghavan; Tin Aung; Jie J. Wang; Paul Mitchell; Tien Y. Wong
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Mayuri Bhargava
    Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
    Medical Retina,
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
  • Carol Y. Cheung
    Ocular Imaging,
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
  • Ecosse L. Lamoureux
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
    Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Australia, Australia
  • Huang Lei
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
  • Yingfeng Zheng
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
  • Lavanya Raghavan
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
  • Tin Aung
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
    Department of Ophthalmology,, National University Health System,, Singapore, Singapore
  • Jie J. Wang
    Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Australia, Australia
    Centre for Vision Research, University of Sydney, Australia, Australia
  • Paul Mitchell
    Centre for Vision Research, University of Sydney, Australia, Australia
  • Tien Y. Wong
    Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  Mayuri Bhargava, None; Carol Y. Cheung, None; Ecosse L. Lamoureux, None; Huang Lei, None; Yingfeng Zheng, None; Lavanya Raghavan, None; Tin Aung, None; Jie J. Wang, None; Paul Mitchell, None; Tien Y. Wong, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2011, Vol.52, 599. doi:
  • Views
  • Share
  • Tools
    • Alerts
      User Alerts
      You are adding an alert for:
      Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Retinopathy Signs In Persons Without Diabetes: The Singapore Indian Eye Study
      You will receive an email whenever this article is corrected, updated, or cited in the literature. You can manage this and all other alerts in My Account
      The alert will be sent to:
      ×
      This feature is available to authenticated users only.
      Sign In or Create an Account ×
    • Get Citation
      Citation

      Mayuri Bhargava, Carol Y. Cheung, Ecosse L. Lamoureux, Huang Lei, Yingfeng Zheng, Lavanya Raghavan, Tin Aung, Jie J. Wang, Paul Mitchell, Tien Y. Wong; Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Retinopathy Signs In Persons Without Diabetes: The Singapore Indian Eye Study. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2011;52(14):599.

      Download citation file:

      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

      ×
    • Get Permissions
  • Supplements
Abstract

Purpose: : To describe the prevalence and risk factors of retinopathy in an Asian population without diabetes

Methods: : A population-based, cross-sectional survey of 3,400 Indians (75.6% response) aged 40 to 80 years residing in Singapore was conducted, the Singapore Indian Eye Study (SINDI).Retinopathy was assessed from retinal photographs by trained graders using modified Airlie House Classification System. Risk factors were assessed from standardized interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory investigations. Diabetes mellitus was defined as random glucose≥11.1mmol/L, use of diabetic medication or a physician diagnosis of diabetes.

Results: : There were 2,171 persons (63.9 % of SINDI participants) without diabetes for this analysis. The age-standardized prevalence of retinopathy was 5.6% (n = 114; 95% confidence interval [CI],4.4-6.3). There was no significant difference in retinopathy prevalence between males (6.4%) and females (4.5%). Among the non-diabetic persons with retinopathy, 97.4% (n =111) had signs of minimal to mild retinopathy while 2.6% (n=3) had moderate to severe retinopathy. After adjusting for age, gender, glycosylated hemoglobin and systolic blood pressure levels, higher hemoglobin A1C levels (odds ratio [OR], 1.64; 95% CI, 1.22-2.21; per % increase)and systolic blood pressure (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.03; per 10 mm Hg increase) remained significantly associated with the presence of retinopathy lesions in persons without diabetes.

Conclusions: : One in twenty persons without diabetes in this Asian Indian population had retinopathy signs. The risk factors of non-diabetic retinopathy were hypertension and glycosylated hemoglobin showed a linear association with retinopathy.Our findings are consistent with studies on white and Asian Malay populations, indicating that these retinopathy signs have similar modifiable risk factors as those seen in diabetic retinopathy.

Keywords: clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: prevalence/incidence • clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: risk factor assessment • diabetic retinopathy 
© 2011, The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc., all rights reserved. Permission to republish any abstract or part of an abstract in any form must be obtained in writing from the ARVO Office prior to publication.
Copyright © 2025 Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.
×
×

This PDF is available to Subscribers Only

Sign in or purchase a subscription to access this content. ×

You must be signed into an individual account to use this feature.

×
This site uses cookies. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our privacy policy.Accept