Abstract
Purpose: :
To demonstrate the different retinal and choroidal morphological characteristics on SD Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) in ocular toxoplasmosis.
Methods: :
Case series of patients presented with ocular toxoplasmosis from August 2009 were included in the study. All patients underwent a detailed ophthalmic examination, fundus color photography and Spectralis SD-OCT imaging at presentation and during follow-up. OCT scans were directed to the pathological retinal and choroidal areas that were demonstrated in the clinical examination.
Results: :
Sixteen eyes (13 patients) were included. Eleven active lesions were demonstrated in 9 eyes (8 patients) and 25 chorioretinal scars were demonstrated in 12 eyes (10 patients). The active lesion demonstrated retinal thickening, disruption and hyper-reflectivity of the retinal layers. During follow-up the retina became thinner and a scar formation was noted. Hyper-reflective deposits were noted on the posterior hyaloid, within the vitreo-retinal interface and in the inner retina layres. Those deposits fade with time. Vitritis could be demonstrated as multiple hyper-reflective dots in the vitreous cavity during the active phase, which resolved during follow-up. Choroidal findings included significant thickening returning to normal thickness when scars were formed.OCT findings of the chorioretinal scars demonstrated sharply demarcated borders, thinning of neurosensory retina, ELM & IS/OS junction interruption, disorganization of the retinal layers and RPE changes. The choriocapillaries demonstrated a specific pattern with a significant hypereflectivity. In addition, the posterior hyaloid was thickened and partially detached over the toxoplasma scar. The OCT retinal and choroidal features remained unchanged during the follow up.
Conclusions: :
SD-OCT is a useful tool in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with ocular toxoplasmosis and provides a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease.
Keywords: imaging methods (CT, FA, ICG, MRI, OCT, RTA, SLO, ultrasound) • chorioretinitis • imaging/image analysis: clinical