April 2011
Volume 52, Issue 14
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2011
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in an Urban Indian Population: The Singapore Indian Eye (SINDI) Study
Yingfeng Zheng; Ecosse Lamoureux; Wan-Ling Wong; Raghavan Lavanya; Tin Aung; Ning Cheung; Jie J. Wang; Paul Mitchell; Seang-Mei Saw; Tien Y. Wong
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Yingfeng Zheng
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
  • Ecosse Lamoureux
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
    Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
  • Wan-Ling Wong
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
  • Raghavan Lavanya
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
  • Tin Aung
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
    Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
  • Ning Cheung
    Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
  • Jie J. Wang
    Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
    Centre for Vision Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
  • Paul Mitchell
    Centre for Vision Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
  • Seang-Mei Saw
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
    Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
  • Tien Y. Wong
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
    Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  Yingfeng Zheng, None; Ecosse Lamoureux, None; Wan-Ling Wong, None; Raghavan Lavanya, None; Tin Aung, None; Ning Cheung, None; Jie J. Wang, None; Paul Mitchell, None; Seang-Mei Saw, None; Tien Y. Wong, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  This study was supported by the Biomedical Research Council (BMRC), 08/1/35/19/550, Singapore
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2011, Vol.52, 612. doi:
  • Views
  • Share
  • Tools
    • Alerts
      User Alerts
      You are adding an alert for:
      Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in an Urban Indian Population: The Singapore Indian Eye (SINDI) Study
      You will receive an email whenever this article is corrected, updated, or cited in the literature. You can manage this and all other alerts in My Account
      The alert will be sent to:
      ×
      This feature is available to authenticated users only.
      Sign In or Create an Account ×
    • Get Citation
      Citation

      Yingfeng Zheng, Ecosse Lamoureux, Wan-Ling Wong, Raghavan Lavanya, Tin Aung, Ning Cheung, Jie J. Wang, Paul Mitchell, Seang-Mei Saw, Tien Y. Wong; Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in an Urban Indian Population: The Singapore Indian Eye (SINDI) Study. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2011;52(14):612.

      Download citation file:

      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

      ×
    • Get Permissions
  • Supplements
Abstract

Purpose: : To describe the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in an urban Indian population in Singapore.

Methods: : A population-based study of 3,400 persons of Indian ethnicity in Singapore was conducted. Diabetes mellitus was defined as random glucose ≥11.1mmol/L, use of diabetic medication or a physician diagnosis of diabetes. Retinal photographs, taken from both eyes, were graded for the presence and severity of DR using the modified Airlie House classification system. Vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR) was defined as severe non-proliferative DR or macular edema. Risk factors for DR were based on questionnaires, clinical assessment and laboratory tests.

Results: : Among the 3,400 study participants aged 40 and older, the age-standardized rate of diabetes was 28.4% (95% CI: 26.6, 30.3). Among the 1098 persons with diabetes and gradable photographs, the age-standardized prevalence estimate was 34.1% (95% CI: 29.8, 39.0) for any DR, 8.7% (95% CI: 6.5, 11.5) for macular edema, and 8.8% (95% CI: 6.7, 11.5) for VTDR. In multiple logistic regression, independent risk factors for any DR included longer diabetes duration (odds ratio [OR] 1.07; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.09, per year increase), higher HbA1c (OR 1.29; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.47, per % increase), history of previous stroke (OR, 2.18; 95% CI: 1.13, 4.20), and higher pulse pressure (OR 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.05, per 10mmHg increase). Older age (OR, 0.81; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.99, per decade increase) and being female (OR, 0.67, 95%CI: 0.48, 0.93) were protective against any DR. VTDR was significantly associated with longer diabetes duration (OR, 1.09; 95%CI: 1.07, 1.12, per year increase), higher HbA1c (OR, 1.25; 1.03, 1.51, per % increase), and history of previous stroke (OR, 3.49; 95%CI: 1.62, 7.49).

Conclusions: : One third of Indian persons aged 40 years and older had diabetes. Of persons with diabetes, the prevalence of DR and its risk factors were similar to Malays in Singapore and white populations elsewhere.

Keywords: diabetic retinopathy • clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: prevalence/incidence 
© 2011, The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc., all rights reserved. Permission to republish any abstract or part of an abstract in any form must be obtained in writing from the ARVO Office prior to publication.
Copyright © 2024 Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.
×
×

This PDF is available to Subscribers Only

Sign in or purchase a subscription to access this content. ×

You must be signed into an individual account to use this feature.

×
This site uses cookies. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our privacy policy.Accept