March 2012
Volume 53, Issue 14
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   March 2012
Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies a Mutation for a Novel Form of Hereditary Benign Intraepithelial Dyskeratosis
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Vincent J. Soler
    UMRS 563, CPTP, Universite Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
    Center for Human Genetics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
  • Khanh-Nhat Tran-Viet
    Center for Human Genetics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
  • Pierre R. Fournie
    UMRS 563, CPTP, Universite Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
    Ophthalmology, Purpan Hospital, Toulouse, France
  • Elizabeth St.Germain
    Center for Human Genetics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
  • Thomas P. Klemm
    Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
  • Felicia Hawthorne
    Center for Human Genetics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
  • Natalie A. Afshari
    Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, North Carolina
  • Patrick Calvas
    UMRS 563, CPTP, Universite Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
  • François Malecaze
    UMRS 563, CPTP, Universite Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
    Ophthalmology, Purpan Hospital, Toulouse, France
  • Terri L. Young
    Center for Human Genetics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
    Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, North Carolina
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  Vincent J. Soler, None; Khanh-Nhat Tran-Viet, None; Pierre R. Fournie, None; Elizabeth St.Germain, None; Thomas P. Klemm, None; Felicia Hawthorne, None; Natalie A. Afshari, None; Patrick Calvas, None; François Malecaze, None; Terri L. Young, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  NIH Grant EY014685, Research To Prevent Blindness Inc.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science March 2012, Vol.53, 1549. doi:
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      Vincent J. Soler, Khanh-Nhat Tran-Viet, Pierre R. Fournie, Elizabeth St.Germain, Thomas P. Klemm, Felicia Hawthorne, Natalie A. Afshari, Patrick Calvas, François Malecaze, Terri L. Young; Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies a Mutation for a Novel Form of Hereditary Benign Intraepithelial Dyskeratosis. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2012;53(14):1549.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose: : To identify a gene for a novel, autosomal dominant form of hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis (HBID) in a Caucasian French pedigree using deep sequencing technology.

Methods: : A 7-member family with two affected individuals (6-year-old proband and his mother) with corneal lesions was ascertained. The proband presented with bilateral complete corneal opacification with dyskeratosis, and circumferential corneolimbal neovascularization. Cutaneous features of palmoplantar hyperkeratosis as well as laryngeal dyskeratosis were associated with the ocular phenotype. Histopathology studies of cornea and vocal chord biopsies showed dyskeratotic keratinization. A duplication in chromosome 4q (noted in HBID affecteds from the U.S. Haliwa-Saponi tribe) and tyrosinemia (characterized by palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and different corneal lesions) were ruled out. Next generation sequencing with mean coverage of 50x using the Illumina Hi Seq and whole exome capture processing was performed. Sequence reads were aligned, and screened for single nucleotide variant and insertion/deletion calls. In-house pipeline filtering analyses and comparisons with the 1000 Genomes, Exome Variant Server and dbSNP databases were performed. cDNA expression studies were conducted using systemic and ocular tissues.

Results: : A novel missense mutation M77T was discovered for the gene NLRP1 which maps to chromosome 17p13.2. This mutation was de novo in the proband’s mother, followed segregation in the family, and was not found in 800 control DNA samples. NLRP1 expression was determined in adult cornea, optic nerve, trabecular meshwork and iris.

Conclusions: : A de novo mutation in NLRP1 segregated with HBID in a non-Native American family. The gene product is implicated in inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and caspase-mediated apoptosis ; and, NLRP1 polymorphisms have been shown to be associated with vitiligo and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. This is the first identification of a causative gene for a form of autosomal dominant HBID.

Keywords: genetics • cornea: epithelium • apoptosis/cell death 
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