April 2011
Volume 52, Issue 14
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2011
Long-term Dark Adaptive Biochemistry Of Photoreceptors Is Influenced By Time Of Day
B-A. Battelle; A Parker; C. Gaddie; K. Kempler
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • B-A. Battelle
    Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida, St Augustine, Florida
  • A Parker
    Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida, St Augustine, Florida
  • C. Gaddie
    Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida, St Augustine, Florida
  • K. Kempler
    Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida, St Augustine, Florida
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  B-A. Battelle, None; A. Parker, None; C. Gaddie, None; K. Kempler, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  National Science Foundation REU Program, National Science Foundation Grants to B-A. B
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2011, Vol.52, 916. doi:
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      B-A. Battelle, A Parker, C. Gaddie, K. Kempler; Long-term Dark Adaptive Biochemistry Of Photoreceptors Is Influenced By Time Of Day. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2011;52(14):916.

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Abstract

Purpose: : To test whether the long-term dark-adaptive biochemistry of photoreceptors is influenced by time of day.

Methods: : Opsin1-2 (Ops1-2) and arrestin (Arr) levels associated with the photosensitive rhabdomeres of Limulus lateral eye photoreceptors (RhOps1-2, RhArr) were quantified with immunocytochemistry (ICC) and confocal microscopy. Eyes were fixed at different times of the day and under different lighting conditions; then frozen sections were processed for ICC. RhOps1-2 and RhArr were compared: 1. between daytime (DT) light-adapted and nighttime (NT) dark-adapted eyes.2. among eyes taken at different times as animals transitioned from day to night under natural illumination. 3. between DT light-adapted eyes and DT eyes that had been dark-adapted for 4hr.

Results: : RhOps1-2 in DT light-adapted eyes was 58% (p< 0.001) below that in NT dark-adapted eyes. RhOps1-2 increased slowly during dusk but was at the maximum NT level by 4hr after sunset (SS). When eyes were dark-adapted for 4hr during the day, RhOps1-2 increased 23% (p=0.001) but was still significantly (35%, p=0.005) below that in NT dark-adapted eyes. RhArr in DT light-adapted eyes was 200% the level (p<0.001) in NT dark-adapted eyes. RhArr fell rapidly at dusk and was within 25% of the NT level by 30min after SS. RhArr was not significantly different between NT dark-adapted eyes and eyes that were dark-adapted for 4h during the day.

Conclusions: : RhOps1-2 in DT dark-adapted eyes is significantly lower than in NT dark-adapted eyes. This supports the idea that RhOps1-2 renewal is influenced by circadian clock input to the eye, which is silent during the day and active during the night. Previous studies showed that RhOps1-2 in eyes deprived of NT clock input is 37% below the normal NT levels, about the same level observed here in DT dark-adapted eyes. RhArr was not significantly different between DT and NT dark-adapted eyes; thus the decrease in RhArr in the dark is not influenced by time of day or clock input. However, because of the different effects of time of day on dark-adapted RhOps1-2 and RhArr levels, the dark-adapted ratio of RhArr to RhOps1-2 will be significantly higher during the day compared to during the night. This suggests that the dynamics of the photoresponse in dark adapted eyes is different between day and night.

Keywords: circadian rhythms • photoreceptors • immunohistochemistry 
© 2011, The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc., all rights reserved. Permission to republish any abstract or part of an abstract in any form must be obtained in writing from the ARVO Office prior to publication.
Copyright © 2025 Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.
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