Abstract
Purpose: :
The aim of this study was to determine the causative organisms and antibiotic resistance in patients with bacterial and fungal keratitis over the past 10 years in the "Luis Sánchez Bulnes Hospital" of the Asociación para evitar la ceguera en México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM).
Methods: :
A retrospective audit of all patients who had a corneal scraping between January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2009. Clinical information was gathered from medical records and smear and culture results from the microbiology department records.
Results: :
2024 patients were included in our study, 1361 Gram-positive microorganisms formed the largest group with 67.2%, with 450 indiferenciated gram-positive coccus (22.47%), Stafilococcus epidermidis 342 cases (17.98%), gram-positive bacilus 130 (6.49%), Stafilococcus aureus 129 (6.44%), gram positive Diplocus 127 (6.34%), Steptococcus pneumoniae 108 (5.39%). 302 Gram-negative cases were the second group with 18.41% with Psudomonas aureoginosa 60 cases (2.99%), and 138 fungi cases were (6.8 %) with 34 cases of Fusarium sp. (1.69%) . The resistance of microorganisms increased 29.18%.The antibiotic group with greater resistance was penicillins 38.11%, macrolides 30.56% and sulfonamides with 18.6%. Antibiotics with lower resistance were cephalexin 0.19%, netilmicin 0.59%, and ceftriaxone 0.74%. Male were most affected with 53.49% and the main age range was between 51 to 60 years of age to 16.08%.
Conclusions: :
The most frecuent etiology of infectious keratitis were Gram-positive microorganisms. The bacterial resistance increased over the time from year 2000 with 22.26% to 53.21% in 2009.
Keywords: bacterial disease • clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: prevalence/incidence • keratitis