March 2012
Volume 53, Issue 14
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   March 2012
Compliance with Annual Diabetic Eye Exams Survey (CADEES): Preliminary Results
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Christina R. Sheppler
    Discoveries in Sight, Devers Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon
  • William E. Lambert
    Center for Healthy Communities, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
  • Cory L. VanAlstine
    Discoveries in Sight, Devers Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon
  • Steven L. Mansberger
    Discoveries in Sight, Devers Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  Christina R. Sheppler, None; William E. Lambert, None; Cory L. VanAlstine, None; Steven L. Mansberger, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  CDC Cooperative Agreement Number 1-U-48-DP-002673
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science March 2012, Vol.53, 2883. doi:
  • Views
  • Share
  • Tools
    • Alerts
      ×
      This feature is available to authenticated users only.
      Sign In or Create an Account ×
    • Get Citation

      Christina R. Sheppler, William E. Lambert, Cory L. VanAlstine, Steven L. Mansberger; Compliance with Annual Diabetic Eye Exams Survey (CADEES): Preliminary Results. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2012;53(14):2883.

      Download citation file:


      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

      ×
  • Supplements
Abstract
 
Purpose:
 

To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Compliance with Annual Diabetic Eye Exams Survey (CADEES), a new instrument designed to identify the factors related to adherence with yearly eye exams. While diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in adults aged 20-74, early diagnosis and treatment can reduce the likelihood of vision loss by 90%. Unfortunately, fewer than 50% of those diagnosed with diabetes receive annual eye exams.

 
Methods:
 

The 45-item survey was developed using the framework of the Health Belief Model (HBM). The survey measured health beliefs, demographics, and eye exam history. Participants rated the extent to which they agreed with each health belief statement using a Likert scale.

 
Results:
 

Participants (n=127) were 47% male and ranged in age from 24 to 83 years (M=56.3, SD=12.1). Reliability analyses on items created to measure specific HBM constructs showed acceptable Cronbach’s alphas (>.70) for two of the six constructs (seriousness and barriers). A principal components analysis supported the presence of four distinct factors, comprising 37% of the variance. Three of the four factors were identifiable within the constructs of the HBM (seriousness, susceptibility, and barriers); however, factor scores did not predict adherence. Based on univariate results comparing those who had an eye exam in the past year with those who had not, 15 health belief items were identified as potential predictors for adherence. A logistic regression model containing these items classified cases with 78% accuracy (Nagelkerke R-Square = .338). The strongest predictors were beliefs about whether diabetic eye disease can be seen with an eye exam (p=.01) and whether insurance covered most of the eye exam cost (p<.01). A logistic regression model containing demographic variables (age, sex, race, insurance status, hemoglobin A1c, and years diagnosed with diabetes) showed that adherence was associated with a longer duration of diabetes (p=.02) and lower hemoglobin A1c levels (p=.01).

 
Conclusions:
 

Further research is needed to confirm these preliminary results, and to determine whether the Health Belief Model is the best framework to use when attempting to predict compliance with annual eye exams.

 
Keywords: diabetes • diabetic retinopathy 
×
×

This PDF is available to Subscribers Only

Sign in or purchase a subscription to access this content. ×

You must be signed into an individual account to use this feature.

×