Abstract
Purpose: :
To compare characteristics of metastatic choroidal melanoma with non-metastatic choroidal melanoma
Methods: :
Retrospective Review
Results: :
Of 8045 eyes with choroidal melanoma, 968 were metastatic, while 7077 were not (12% versus 86%). Both metastatic and non-metastatic groups consisted primarily of Caucasians (99% versus 98%). Average age at diagnosis was 59 years in metastatic tumors and 57 years in non-metastatic. Of metastatic tumors 51% were female, and 49% were male. Of non-metastatic tumors 49% were female and 51% were male. Clinical features (metastatic versus non-metastatic) favoring metastatic tumors included anterior tumor margin in the ciliary body (34% versus 17%), posterior tumor margin between the equator and macula (53% versus 49%), mean diameter (13.5mm versus 10.8mm), mean thickness (7.0mm versus 5.3mm), tumor color brown (59% versus 54%), subretinal fluid (76% versus 70%), Bruch’s rupture (22% versus 21%), extraocular extension (5% versus 3%), retinal hemorrhage (14% versus 8%), tumor shape diffuse (7% versus 6%), tumor shape mushroom (19% versus 18%). Clinical features favoring non-metastatic tumors revealed epicenter between equator and macula (66% versus 70%), anterior margin between the equator and macula (25% versus 44%), tumor shape dome (74% versus 75%), tumor color yellow (12% versus 16%), tumor color mixed (29% versus 30%).
Conclusions: :
Metastatic choroidal melanoma is more likely to show features of anterior margin in the ciliary body and display larger mean diameter and thickness than non-metastatic melanomas. Other characteristics, including subretinal fluid, Bruch’s membrane rupture, extraocular extension, and retinal hemorrhage, are found slightly more often in metastatic tumors whereas features of dome shape, yellow color, mixed color, epicenter and anterior margin located between equator and macula, were found more often in non-metastatic tumors.
Keywords: melanoma • tumors • choroid