Abstract
Purpose: :
To determine oxidative stress markers in blood of patients with different types of glaucoma.
Methods: :
Patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG, n=16), pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG, n=15) and controls (n= 16) were evaluated. The following markers were determined in red blood cells: chemiluminescence (CL), the activities of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX); and the total antioxidant potential (TRAP) was determined in plasma.
Results: :
SOD activity was significant decreased in PEXG patients (0.37 ± 0.05 U SOD/ mg protein) compared to controls (0.70 ± 0.20 USOD/ mg protein; p< 0.01). SOD activity was 0.19 ± 0.12 USOD/ mg protein in POAG patients (p<0.001). CAT levels were 1.3 ± 0.1 pmol/ mg protein in PEXG (p<0.001), 1.4 ± 0.1 pmol/ mg protein in POAG (p<0.01) (control levels 2.1 ± 0.2 pmol/ mg protein). CL in PEXG (353 ± 25 cpm/ mg haemoglobin), was higher than controls (139 ± 10 cpm/ mg haemoglobin; p<0.001). CL in POAG was 143 ± 17 cpm/ mg haemoglobin. TRAP levels of GPEX patients were 250 ± 17 µM Trolox (p<0.01), POAG patients 315 ± 19 µM Trolox (ns) (control values 338 ± 15 µM).
Conclusions: :
A significantly reduced levels of non-enzymatic antioxidant (TRAP), a decreased in SOD and CAT activities and an increased of prooxidants (CL) were observed in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. Meanwhile in POAG there were only a decrease in antioxidant enzymes activities. TRAP and CL could be used as biomarkers in both types of glaucoma.
Keywords: clinical laboratory testing • clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: risk factor assessment • oxidation/oxidative or free radical damage