April 2011
Volume 52, Issue 14
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2011
Reduced Retinal Blood Flow Among Individuals Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Anne E. Baranano; Partho S. Kalyani; Amani A. Fawzi; David Huang; Ou Tan; Ranjith Konduru; Srinivas R. Sadda; Tiago E. Arantes; Fei Yu; Gary N. Holland
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Anne E. Baranano
    Doheny Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
  • Partho S. Kalyani
    Doheny Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
    Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
  • Amani A. Fawzi
    Doheny Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
  • David Huang
    Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
  • Ou Tan
    Doheny Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
  • Ranjith Konduru
    Doheny Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
  • Srinivas R. Sadda
    Doheny Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
  • Tiago E. Arantes
    Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
  • Fei Yu
    Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
  • Gary N. Holland
    Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  Anne E. Baranano, None; Partho S. Kalyani, None; Amani A. Fawzi, None; David Huang, Optovue, Inc. (F, I, C, R), Optovue, Inc., Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc. (P); Ou Tan, OptoVue, Inc (F); Ranjith Konduru, None; Srinivas R. Sadda, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Optovue, Inc (F), Heidelberg Engineering (C), Topcon Medical Systems (P); Tiago E. Arantes, None; Fei Yu, None; Gary N. Holland, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2011, Vol.52, 4276. doi:
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      Anne E. Baranano, Partho S. Kalyani, Amani A. Fawzi, David Huang, Ou Tan, Ranjith Konduru, Srinivas R. Sadda, Tiago E. Arantes, Fei Yu, Gary N. Holland; Reduced Retinal Blood Flow Among Individuals Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2011;52(14):4276.

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Abstract

Purpose: : Abnormal retinal blood flow was identified among HIV-infected individuals during the years before and soon after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) became available. We sought to determine whether abnormal retinal blood flow remains common in the current era of widespread HAART use.

Methods: : Total retinal blood flow, calculated by summing the venous flow in the peripapillary retina, was determined for 11 HIV-infected individuals, all of whom were on HAART and without ocular opportunistic infections, using RTVue Doppler Fourier Domain optical coherence tomography and specialized software (Optovue, Inc, Fremont, CA). Findings were compared to 11 HIV-negative controls. Correlations were calculated between blood flow and the following factors: current and lowest previous CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts, current and highest HIV RNA blood levels, and duration of AIDS.

Results: : Mean total retinal blood flow was lower in HIV-infected individuals (38±7.8 uL/min [range: 22-47 uL/min]) when compared to controls (50±5.7 uL/min [range: 41-57 uL/min], p= 0.002, Wilcoxon rank sum test). All HIV-infected individuals were male, with mean age of 51.5 years (40-67 years) and mean CD4+ T-lymphocyte count of 569 cells/uL (range: 258-912 cells/uL). No correlations were confirmed between total blood flow values and the following factors among HIV-infected individuals: age (r=-0.1; p=0.7); current (r=-0.4; p=0.2) or lowest previous (r=-0.3; p=0.3) CD4+ T-lymphocyte count; highest previous HIV RNA blood levels (r=0.2; p=0.7); or duration of AIDS (r=-0.5; p=0.2).

Conclusions: : Reduced retinal blood flow characterizes HIV disease, even among individuals on HAART who have experienced immune recovery. This phenomenon may have important implications for understanding the pathogenesis of HIV-related neuroretinal disorder and its associated visual dysfunction. Individuals with HIV disease are potentially at risk for on-going retinal damage.

Keywords: AIDS/HIV • retina • imaging methods (CT, FA, ICG, MRI, OCT, RTA, SLO, ultrasound) 
© 2011, The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc., all rights reserved. Permission to republish any abstract or part of an abstract in any form must be obtained in writing from the ARVO Office prior to publication.
Copyright © 2025 Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.
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