April 2011
Volume 52, Issue 14
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2011
RGC-5 Cell Apoptosis Caused by Inhibition of Mitochondrial Complex IV is Less in Red Light than in Darkness
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • S. del Olmo-Aguado
    Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Instituto Oftalmológico Fernandez-Vega, Oviedo, Spain
  • D. Ji
    Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • N.N Osborne
    Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Instituto Oftalmológico Fernandez-Vega, Oviedo, Spain
    Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  S. del Olmo-Aguado, None; D. Ji, None; N.N Osborne, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  BBVA Foundation & Caixa Nova
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2011, Vol.52, 4590. doi:
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      S. del Olmo-Aguado, D. Ji, N.N Osborne; RGC-5 Cell Apoptosis Caused by Inhibition of Mitochondrial Complex IV is Less in Red Light than in Darkness. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2011;52(14):4590.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose: : To characterise the mechanism by which the mitochondrial complex IV poison sodium azide kills RGC-5 cells (cell line with certain ganglion cell properties) in the dark and determine the influence of white and red light.

Methods: : RGC-5 cell cultures in 96- or 12-well plates were exposed to different concentrations of sodium azide in the dark or under white (400-700nm, 1000 lux) or red (625-635nm, 1000lux) light. Cells were analysed 24-96 hours later for their viability (MTT procedure), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and for apoptosis (staining for phosphatidylserine and DNA breakdown). Also, cultures were subjected to immunocytochemistry for the localisation of certain antigens or their proteins extracted and subjected to electrophoresis and western blotting for various proteins involved in cell death.

Results: : Sodium azide (5mM)-induced apoptosis of RGC-5 cells is characterised by positive membrane staining for phosphatidylserine, breakdown of DNA, a generation of ROS production, the activation of p38 MAPK and by inhibition with the caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk. Sodium azide also caused p38 MAPK to be translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and the stimulation of alpha fordrin and caspase-3 content. White light exacerbated and red light reduced the effects of sodium azide that occurred in the dark.

Conclusions: : Red light as opposed to white light acting directly on the retina might protect neurones from dying by apoptosis where their mitochondria are affected.

Keywords: ganglion cells • neuroprotection • drug toxicity/drug effects 
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