April 2011
Volume 52, Issue 14
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2011
Blood Pressure and Perfusion Pressure Risk Factors for Open Angle Glaucoma in the African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study (ADAGES) and Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study (DIGS)
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Michele N. Pham
    Ophthalmology, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California
  • Mauro T. Leite
    Ophthalmology, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California
    Ophthalmology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  • Christopher Bowd
    Ophthalmology, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California
  • Christopher A. Girkin
    Ophthalmology, Univ of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
  • Jeffrey M. Liebmann
    Ophthalmology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
    Ophthalmology, New York Ear and Eye Infirmary, New York, New York
  • Felipe A. Medeiros
    Ophthalmology, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California
  • Pamela A. Sample
    Ophthalmology, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California
  • Robert N. Weinreb
    Ophthalmology, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California
  • Linda M. Zangwill
    Ophthalmology, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  Michele N. Pham, None; Mauro T. Leite, None; Christopher Bowd, Pfizer Inc. (F); Christopher A. Girkin, Alcon Laboratories Inc. (C), Allergan Inc. (C), Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc. (R), Heidelberg Engineering Inc. (R), Merck Inc. (R), Optive Inc. (R), Pfizer Inc. (C), Topcon Medical Systems Inc. (R); Jeffrey M. Liebmann, Alcon Laboratories Inc. (C), Allergan Inc. (C), Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc. (F), Dyopsis Corp. (C, F), Heidelberg Engineering (F), Optovue Inc. (C, F), Pfizer Inc. (C), Topcon Medical Systems Inc. (F, C); Felipe A. Medeiros, Alcon Laboratories (F, R), Alcon Laboratories Inc. (C), Allergan Inc (R), Allergan Inc. (C), Carl Zeiss Meditec (F), Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc (R), Merck Inc. (F), Pfizer Inc (R), Pfizer Inc. (F, C), Reichert Inc (R); Pamela A. Sample, Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc. (F), Haag-Streit (F); Robert N. Weinreb, Alcon Laboratories Inc. (C), Allergan Inc. (C), Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc. (F, C), Heidelberg Engineering GmbH (F), Merck (C), Novartis (F), Optovue Inc. (F, C), Pfizer (C), Topcon Medical Systems (F); Linda M. Zangwill, Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc. (F), Heidelberg Engineering (R), Heidelberg Engineering GmbH (F), Optovue Inc. (F), Topcon Medical Systems Inc. (F)
  • Footnotes
    Support  National Eye Institute grants U10EY14267, EY019869, and EY08208, EY11008, and EY13959 and Eyesight Foundation of Alabama; Alcon Laboratories Inc.; Allergan Inc.; Pfizer Inc.; Merck Inc.; Santen Inc.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2011, Vol.52, 5026. doi:
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      Michele N. Pham, Mauro T. Leite, Christopher Bowd, Christopher A. Girkin, Jeffrey M. Liebmann, Felipe A. Medeiros, Pamela A. Sample, Robert N. Weinreb, Linda M. Zangwill; Blood Pressure and Perfusion Pressure Risk Factors for Open Angle Glaucoma in the African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study (ADAGES) and Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study (DIGS). Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2011;52(14):5026.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose: : To describe the relationship between open angle glaucoma (OAG) and vascular risk factors, including blood pressure and perfusion pressure, in individuals of African descent (AD) and European descent (ED).

Methods: : 535 healthy controls (275 AD and 260 ED) and 653 glaucoma patients (338 AD and 315 ED) were included in these cross-sectional observational studies. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were built to evaluate the relationship of age, race, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial blood pressure (MBP), systolic perfusion pressure (SPP), diastolic perfusion pressure (DPP), mean perfusion pressure (MPP) and intraocular pressure (IOP) and the probability of having glaucoma.

Results: : AD participants were younger and had, on average, higher SBP, DBP, MBP, DPP and MPP when compared to individuals of ED. Each 10mmHg incremental increase in SBP resulted in a 31% and 16% increase in the probability of glaucoma in ED and AD, respectively. [ED: OR (95% CI)=1.31 (1.17 to 1.48); AD: OR (95% CI)=1.16 (1.05 to 1.03)]. However, both associations lost significance after adjusting for age. There was no statistically significant correlation between the perfusion pressure tertiles and glaucoma in ADs. In EDs, the highest SPP tertile was associated with having POAG [OR(95%C)=2.22 (1.43-3.43)], but after adjusting for IOP-lowering treatment, the relationship was no longer statistically significant.

Conclusions: : A lower perfusion pressure was not associated with the probability of glaucoma in either the European descent group or the African descent group. The lack of association may be due in part to the complex relationship between age, IOP, BP, and IOP and BP-lowering treatment.

Keywords: clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: risk factor assessment • intraocular pressure 
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