April 2009
Volume 50, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2009
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Refractive Errors Among Schoolchildren in Shiraz, Iran
A. Yekta, Sr.; A. Fotouhi; H. Hashemi; C. Dehghani; H. Ostadimoghaddam; J. Heravian; A. Derakhshan; S. Mehravaran; R. Yekta; M. Khabazkhoob
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • A. Yekta, Sr.
    Optometry, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ophthalmology,
    Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Islamic Republic of
  • A. Fotouhi
    Optometry, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ophthalmology,
    Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of
  • H. Hashemi
    Khatamanbia Eye Hospital, Farabi Eye Hopital,
    Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of
    Noor Vision Correction Center, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of
  • C. Dehghani
    Optometry Unit, Dastgheib Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Islamic Republic of
  • H. Ostadimoghaddam
    Optometry, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ophthalmology,
    Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Islamic Republic of
  • J. Heravian
    Optometry, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ophthalmology,
    Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Islamic Republic of
  • A. Derakhshan
    Khatamanbia Eye Hospital, Farabi Eye Hopital,
    Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Islamic Republic of
  • S. Mehravaran
    Optometry, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ophthalmology,
    Noor Vision Correction Center, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of
  • R. Yekta
    Emam Khomaini Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Fariman, Iran, Islamic Republic of
  • M. Khabazkhoob
    Noor Vision Correction Center, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  A. Yekta, Sr., None; A. Fotouhi, None; H. Hashemi, None; C. Dehghani, None; H. Ostadimoghaddam, None; J. Heravian, None; A. Derakhshan, None; S. Mehravaran, None; R. Yekta, None; M. Khabazkhoob, None.
  • Footnotes
    Support  The research vice chancellor of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,Iran
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2009, Vol.50, 2436. doi:
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      A. Yekta, Sr., A. Fotouhi, H. Hashemi, C. Dehghani, H. Ostadimoghaddam, J. Heravian, A. Derakhshan, S. Mehravaran, R. Yekta, M. Khabazkhoob; Prevalence and Risk Factors of Refractive Errors Among Schoolchildren in Shiraz, Iran. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2009;50(13):2436.

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Abstract

Purpose: : To determine the prevalence and risk factors of refractive errors among schoolchildren in Shiraz, Iran.

Methods: : In a cross-sectional study, using random cluster sampling, 3065 Shiraz schoolchildren were selected in this study. The participants totaled 2683; 1872 elementary and middle school and 811 high school students. For the primary and middle schoolchildren, cycloplegic refraction and for the high school students, non-cycloplegic autorefraction was measured. Myopia, defined as spherical equivalent (SE) refraction -0.50 diopter (D) or worse, hyperopia as SE +2.00D and +0.50D or more for cycloplegic and noncycloplegic refractions respectively, and astigmatism as cylinder -0.75D or worse.

Results: : The prevalence of refractive errors in elementary and middle school students was: myopia 4.35 % (95% confidence interval (CI), 2.89 -5.81), hyperopia 5.04 % (95%CI, 3.49 -6.58) and astigmatism 11.79 % (95%CI, 10.21 -13.38). For high school students, these rates were 22.4 % (95%CI, 18.44 -26.36), 10.52 % (95%CI, 6.75 -14.29) and 20.99% (95%CI, 16.55 -25.44), respectively.The prevalence of myopia increased with age in primary and middle school students (OR=1.15, 95% CI, 0.98 to1.33, p=0.073).

Conclusions: : The result of this study indicated a relatively low prevalence of refractive errors among schoolchildren in Shiraz according to the protocol by "Refractive Error Study in Children" (RESC) in other investigations.

Keywords: myopia • hyperopia • astigmatism 
© 2009, The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc., all rights reserved. Permission to republish any abstract or part of an abstract in any form must be obtained in writing from the ARVO Office prior to publication.
Copyright © 2025 Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.
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