Abstract
Purpose: :
Evaluation of the efficacy of ophthalmic non-steroidal and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in preventing anterior capsule contraction and secondary posterior capsular opacification (PCO) following cataract surgery.
Methods: :
Nine 8-week-old albino rabbits weighing about 2 kg each underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (VA-60BBR, HOYA) insertion. They were used for the study in accordance with the National Institutes of Health Guidelines on the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals in Research and the ARVO Statement on the Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research. After the cataract surgery, the rabbits were divided into an ophthalmic diclofenac sodium solution (DFNa) treatment group, an ophthalmic bromfenac sodium solution (BFNa) treatment group, an ophthalmic betamethasone solution (BM) treatment group, and an control group. For each group, the ophthalmic and anti-biotic solutions were applied to the eye of each rabbit twice daily. To evaluate anterior capsule contraction, the percentage of incised anterior capsule opening area was calculated on diaphanoscopic images obtained with an EAS-1000 anterior segment analyzer (NIDEK). For evaluation of PCO, a tissue section was obtained from rabbits, fixed using 10% formaldehyde and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and observed under a light microscope (BX-51, OLYMPUS). PCO was quantified on the basis of the thickness of the lens epithelial cell (LEC) layer grown on the central subcapsular area, and compared among groups. For statistical analysis, multiple comparison using Fisher’s Protected Least Significant Difference (PLSD) test was performed, with findings of P < 0.05 considered significant.
Results: :
The incised anterior capsule opening area at 2 weeks after surgery was about 20% greater in the DFNa group and BFNa group than in the control group, indicating that anterior capsule contraction was significantly prevented in the DFNa group and BFNa group (P < 0.05). The thickness of the grown LECs was markedly less in the DFNa group (14.0 ± 6.0 µm) and BFNa group (14.0 ± 6.3 µm) than in the control group (32.5 ± 12.5 µm). There are statistically significances (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: :
Postoperative treatment with ophthalmic NSAID solution is useful in preventing anterior capsule contraction and PCO.
Keywords: intraocular lens • cataract • inflammation