Abstract
Purpose: :
To investigate the association between systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and glaucoma in a population-based study from the South Region of Brazil.
Methods: :
Subjects older than 40 years underwent a screening examination that included a medical interview, blood pressure (BP) measurements, slit-lamp examination, Goldmann tonometry and fundoscopy. Glaucoma was diagnosed based on the ISGEO classification. SAH was diagnosed in subjects in treatment for BP control, and new diagnoses were based on American Society of Hypertension classification. Diabetes (DM) was diagnose in subjects in treatment for glicemia control, and new diagnoses were based on glicemia levels > 200mg/dl. Diastolic perfusion pressure (DPP) was defined as the difference between diastolic BP and IOP. To assess the relation between HAS vs. glaucoma and intra-ocular pressure (IOP) vs. BP, multivariate analyses were performed, using age, race, gender, IOP, glaucoma, and diabetes as independent variables. Odds ratio were calculated with logistic regression analyses.
Results: :
A total of 1636 subjects were examined (76.5% participation rate); 71% of the study population self-reported their race as White, and 24% as non-White (most Black and mixed - Black/White). Glaucoma was found in 56 subjects (3.4%, 95% CI 2.5-4.3), and SAH was diagnosed in 960 subjects (95% CI, 58.7-61.0). Hypertension was not associated with glaucoma (odds ratio [OR] 0.72, 95% CI 0.40-1.25). Multivariate analysis showed that systolic BP, presence of glaucoma, diabetes and race were significantly correlated to IOP (r2= 0,063, p=<.001, p<.001, p=.001, p=.027, respectively). The Table below shows the associations between diastolic BP and DPP with glaucoma.
Conclusions: :
In this population-based study from the South Region of Brazil, SAH was not significantly associated to glaucoma, but BP was independently correlated with IOP. There was an inverted association between low DPP and glaucoma.
Keywords: clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: risk factor assessment