Prediction of PVR Development in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment by Multiplex Bead Cytokine Analysis

Abstract

Purpose: : Cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) following retinal detachment. Using multiplex bead analysis we investigated whether a certain cytokine profile in subretinal fluid was able to predict the development of PVR.

Methods: : Multiplex bead analysis was used to measure 55 different cytokines in subretinal fluid samples obtained from 80 patients during scleral buckling surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Studying the medical records revealed whether patients developed a re-detachment due to PVR (n=25; disease group) or did not develop a re-detachment at all (n=55; control group). Subretinal fluid samples between the two groups were age-, gender-, and storage time-matched. The prediction model was based on stepwise logistic regression with all available cytokines and a ROC curve was constructed. Informed consent was obtained from all cases and the study conformed to the declaration of Helsinki.

Results: : Multivariate logistic regression analysis yielded a set of 4 cytokines (IL-2, IL-3, IL-13, and CCL19) that was able to predict PVR with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.88 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.80-0.97 . Using a cut-off value of 25%, a sensitivity of 88.5% and a specificity of 79.6% were reached.

Conclusions: : Multiplex bead analysis can be used to simultaneously quantify numerous cytokines in subretinal fluid samples. The data suggest that a certain cytokine profile can be used to predict PVR in a highly sensitive and specific manner.

Keywords: proliferative vitreoretinopathy • cytokines/chemokines • retinal detachment